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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Savoirs de l'expertise et trajectoire sociale : le cas de Philippe Frédéric de Dietrich (1748-1793)</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Knowledge, expertise and social trajectory : Philippe Frédéric de Dietrich (1748-1793) : a case study</dcterms:alternative>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Philippe Frédéric de Dietrich est souvent présenté comme un homme des Lumières, un scientifique et un révolutionnaire modéré. Cependant, la place des savoirs dans sa carrière n’a jamais suscité de travaux historiques, alors même que des sources particulièrement riches y encouragent. Cette biographie intellectuelle propose de saisir les spécificités d’une trajectoire sociale à partir des pratiques de Dietrich et de comprendre comment il entend se situer par rapport à des collectifs de pensée spécifiques : les naturalistes, les minéralogistes, le groupe de l’Arsenal, les réformateurs influencés par le caméralisme d’outre-Rhin. Par la traduction, Dietrich prend en charge la circulation de savoirs entre le monde germanique et la France. Le Contrôle général met à profit la confiance que les entrepreneurs lui témoignent et le laisse forger la catégorie des « bouches à feu » qui lui permet d’étendre son expertise minière à des domaines toujours plus étendus de l’économie. Son expertise légitime les savoirs de la réforme dont il est le promoteur. Mais à l’heure des révolutions, Dietrich doit accorder une place toujours plus importante à la publication de sa réputation.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Philippe Frédéric de Dietrich was usually depicted as a scientist of the age of Enlightenment and a moderate revolutionary entering politics. However, his breadth of knowledge has never caught the attention of historians despite the archives documenting this. This biography attempts to understand Dietrich’s path in life based on his practices and to understand the way he positions himself alongside thought collectives: those associated with naturalists, mineralogists, the Arsenal group and reformers influenced by Cameralism. Dietrich circulated knowledge in mineralogy, chemistry and mining science between the German territories and the Kingdom of France. He gained familiarity with the Contrôle général by integrating the knowledge he derived from entrepreneurs and his experience in setting up “bouches à feu”. His expertise in the technical, economic and social dimensions of mining and metallurgic production help Dietrich to legitimize the reforms that he promoted. However, during the Revolution, he realized that in order to be in a position to develop his projects he had to concentrate more on preserving his reputation.</dcterms:abstract>
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