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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les cellules neuroendocrines sécrètent des hormones et des neuropeptides par un processus d'exocytose régulé par le calcium. Malheureusement, toutes les cellules neuroendocrines de l'organisme peuvent se transformer en cellules tumorales et potentiellement engendrer un cancer. Bien que constituant un groupe très hétérogène, les tumeurs neuroendocrines possèdent une caractéristique commune intéressante qui est un dysfonctionnement de leur activité sécrétrice entraînant, dans la majorité des cas, une hypersécrétion des hormones et peptides qu'elles stockent. Cette sécrétion anarchique pose problème car elle peut engendrer des conséquences cliniques graves chez les patients. À ce jour, les mécanismes moléculaires qui induisent et maintiennent l’hypersécrétion de ces tumeurs ne sont pas connus et il n’existe aucune thérapie ciblée permettant de l’empêcher. Mes travaux de thèse montrent que l’hypersécrétion du phéochromocytome est la conséquence directe d’un dérèglement des phases tardives de l’exocytose et qu’un traitement par le pasiréotide, un analogue de la somatostatine inhibe efficacement l’hypersécrétion.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Neuroendocrine cells secrete hormones and neuropeptides through calcium-regulated exocytosis. Unfortunately, all neuroendocrine cells in the body can develop into tumor cells and potentially into cancer. Although a very heterogeneous group, neuroendocrine tumors have one interesting feature in common, which is a dysfunction of their secretory activity leading, in the majority of cases, to hypersecretion of the hormones and neuropeptides. This anarchic secretion is problematic as it can lead to serious clinical consequences in patients. To date, the molecular mechanisms that induce and maintain hypersecretion in these tumors are not known and there is no targeted therapy to prevent it. My thesis work shows that hypersecretion in pheochromocytoma is a direct consequence of a deregulation of the late phases of exocytosis and that treatment with the somatostatin analogue pasireotide effectively inhibits hypersecretion.</dcterms:abstract>
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