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<dc:title xml:lang="en">A novel, evolutionarily conserved transcription factor that regulates the inflammatory response</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Conservation évolutive</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La réponse immunitaire est un mécanisme ancestral des organismes vivants et les voies moléculaires contrôlant l'hématopoïèse sont conservées. Le facteur de transcription Gcm est exprimé et requis dans la glie et les hémocytes des mouches, les cellules charognards agissant à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur du système nerveux central (SNC). Notre laboratoire a montré que dans les hémocytes, Gcm agit comme un inhibiteur de la voie JAK/STAT. Mon objectif était d'évaluer le rôle et la conservation évolutive du gène gcm dans le système immunitaire des mammifères. J'ai utilisé un modèle de souris mutant pour mGcm2 des cellules immunitaires du SNC, microglies. Mes résultats ont montré que mGcm2 est exprimé dans le cerveau âgé de souris. De plus, la microglie mutante mGcm2 montre une morphologie pro-inflammatoire et une expression de gènes pro-inflammatoires accrues par rapport au témoin. Ces résultats suggèrent que chez les mammifères, le Gcm possède de propriétés anti-inflammatoires.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The immune response is an ancestral mechanism of living organisms and the molecular pathways controlling hematopoiesis are extremely conserved. The transcription factor Gcm is expressed and required in fly glia as well as in hemocytes, the scavenger cells acting within and outside the Central Nervous System (CNS). Our lab previously showed that in hemocytes Gcm acts as an inhibitor of the JAK/STAT and of the TOLL pathway, the latter through a novel mechanism. My aim was to assess the role and the evolutionary conservation of the gcm gene in the immune system of mammals. For this reason, I used a conditional knock out mouse model to specifically delete mGcm2 from the immune cells of the CNS, called microglia. My results showed that mGcm2 is expressed in the aged brain of mice. Furthermore, mGcm2 mutant microglia show increased pro-inflammatory morphology and expression of pro-inflammatory genes compared to the control. These results suggest that as in the flies also in mammals Gcm has important anti-inflammatory properties.</dcterms:abstract>
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