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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Rôle physiologique et moléculaire de la dynamine 2 (DNM2) dans la fission mitochondriale dans des conditions normales et pathologiques</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Myopathies centronucléaires</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">DNM2</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mitochondrial dynamics</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La dynamine 2 (DNM2) est une large GTPase impliquée dans de nombreux processus tels que l’endocytose et le remodelage des membranes. Des mutations dominantes de DNM2 ont été associées à des myopathies centronucléaires (CNM). Ces dernières sont caractérisées par une faiblesse musculaire, une atrophie musculaire et le mauvais positionnement de plusieurs organelles. De nombreuses études et observations des différentes formes de CNM ont montré des défauts caractéristiques communs : une altération de la structure et de la localisation mitochondriale apparaissant comme étant les phénotypes les plus persistants. Ce projet a pour but d’apporter une meilleure compréhension du rôle de DNM2 à la mitochondrie et son affiliation à la pathophysiologie des CNM. Une caractérisation mitochondriale a permis de montrer que DNM2 est une protéine essentielle à la plasticité mitochondriale dans le muscle squelettique, la modulation de cette dernière engendrant de forts défauts au niveau du réseau mitochondrial. La fonction mitochondriale est elle aussi impactée, ces deux processus étant essentiels pour l’homéostasie musculaire. Cette étude a permis de souligner l’importance des défauts mitochondriaux dans la pathologie positionnant ainsi les mitochondries comme nouvelles cibles thérapeutiques dans les CNM.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Dynamin 2 (DNM2) is a large GTPase involved in many processes such as endocytosis and membrane remodeling. Dominant mutations in DNM2 have been associated with centronuclear myopathies (CNM). They are characterized by muscle weakness, muscle atrophy and mispositioning of several organelles. Numerous studies and observations of the different forms of CNM have shown common characteristic defects : an alteration in mitochondrial structure and localization appearing to be the most persistent phenotypes. This project aims to provide a better understanding of the role of DNM2 in mitochondria and its affiliation with the pathophysiology of CNM. A mitochondrial characterization shows that DNM2 is an essential protein for mitochondrial plasticity in skeletal muscle, the modulation of DNM2 inducing strong mitochondrial network impairments. Mitochondrial function is also impacted, these two processes being essential for muscle homeostasis. This study highlighted the importance of mitochondrial defects in the pathology, thus positioning mitochondria as new therapeutic targets for CNM.</dcterms:abstract>
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