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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Étude du rôle de la protéine RACK1 dans la traduction IRES-dépendante dans les hépatocytes et son impact sur la différenciation des macrophages</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Study of the role of RACK1 protein in IRES-dependent translation in hepatocytes and its impact on macrophage differentiation</dcterms:alternative>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">RACK1 est une protéine impliquée dans de nombreuses fonctions cellulaires. Sa surexpression est décrite dans l’hépatocarcinome où elle favorise la croissance tumorale. Associée au ribosome, RACK1 est un facteur d’hôte nécessaire à la traduction IRES-dépendante du VHC. Pour étudier la fonction ribosomique de RACK1, par des techniques de knock-in CRISPR et de gain et perte de fonction j’ai développé une lignée cellulaire exprimant un double mutant de RACK1 humaine décrit comme incapable de se lier au ribosome. La caractérisation fonctionnelle du modèle a montré qu’il n’était pas adapté pour étudier le rôle ribosomique de RACK1. J’ai identifié que RACK1 pourrait être impliquée dans un mécanisme universel de traduction IRES-dépendante d’ARN viraux et cellulaires pouvant participer à la progression tumorale. Des résultats préliminaires suggèrent qu’en réponse au stress cellulaire l’expression de RACK1 permettrait de moduler le phénotype des macrophages associés à la tumeur. Ce travail offre une meilleure compréhension du rôle de RACK1 dans la traduction IRES-dépendante dans les hépatocytes et sa fonction au sein du microenvironnement tumoral pour valider RACK1 comme une cible thérapeutique dans l’infection virale et ses pathologies associées.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">RACK1 is a protein involved in many cellular functions. Its overexpression is described in hepatocarcinoma where it promotes tumor growth. Associated with the ribosome, RACK1 is a host factor necessary for IRES-dependent translation of HCV. To study the ribosomal function of RACK1, by techniques of CRISPR knock-in and gain and loss of function I developed a cell line expressing a double mutant of human RACK1 described as unable to bind to the ribosome. The functional characterization of this model showed that it was not suitable to study the ribosomal role of RACK1. I identified that RACK1 might be involved in a universal mechanism of IRES-dependent translation of viral and cellular RNAs that may be participated in cancer progression. Preliminary results suggest that in response to cellular stress the expression of RACK1 would modulate the phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages. This thesis work offers a better understanding of the role of RACK1 in IRES-dependent translation in hepatocytes as well as its function within the tumor microenvironment in order to validate RACK1 as a therapeutic target to fight viral infection and its associated diseases.</dcterms:abstract>
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