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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Étude du rôle des plaquettes sanguines dans l’anaphylaxie</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Anaphylaxie</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Neutrophiles</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Platelet Activating Factor</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Le choc anaphylactique est l’expression la plus sévère des réactions d’hypersensibilité immédiate. Les mécanismes conduisant à ces réactions sont encore mal compris et pourraient impliquer les plaquettes, notamment dans les formes les plus sévères. Nos résultats indiquent que, bien que les plaquettes ne soient pas un effecteur primaire au cours des réactions anaphylactiques médiées par les IgE, elles contribuent de manière significative à moduler la sévérité de la réaction dans différents modèles expérimentaux d’anaphylaxie, avec une réponse différente selon le mécanisme à l’origine de la réaction. Les mécanismes responsables de cet effet ne sont pour l’heure pas identifiés. Le ciblage du récepteur du Platelet Activating Factor semble être intéressant d’un point de vue thérapeutique. Une meilleure caractérisation des modèles utilisés et des mécanismes responsables des réactions chez l’Homme devrait permettre de mieux comprendre la contribution des plaquettes à la sévérité du choc anaphylactique.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Anaphylactic shock is the most severe expression of immediate hypersensitivity reactions. The mechanisms leading to these reactions are still poorly understood and may involve platelets, especially in the most severe forms. Our results indicate that, although platelets are not a primary effector during IgE-mediated anaphylactic reactions, they contribute significantly to modulate the severity of the reaction in different experimental models of anaphylaxis, with a different response depending on the mechanism of the reaction. The mechanisms responsible for this effect are not yet identified. Targeting the Platelet Activating Factor receptor seems to be interesting from a therapeutic point of view. A better characterization of the models used and the mechanisms responsible for the reactions in humans should allow a better understanding of the contribution of platelets to the severity of anaphylactic shock.</dcterms:abstract>
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