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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Cleanup at the right time : a common mechanism underlies the molecular clock of microglia and neuronal activity in metabolic and memory control</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Un mécanisme commun peut-il sous-tendre l'horloge moléculaire de la microglie et l'activité neuronale dans le contrôle du métabolisme et de la mémoire ?</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Apprentissage et mémoire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Homéostasie énergétique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Microglie</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Horloge circadienne</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les microglies sont les macrophages résidents du cerveau dotées de capacités immunomodulatrices et phagocytaires. EIles optimisent le microenvironnement et façonnent les circuits neuronaux. La fonction microgliale est contrôlée par un rythme circadien intrinsèque. Cette thèse vise à comprendre si la perte du facteur de contrôle de l’horloge-Bmal1 affecterait les fonctions microgliales. Nous avons constaté que la microglie déficiente en Bmal1 présentait une meilleure capacité phagocytaire dans l'hypothalamus après avoir reçu HFD et dans l'hippocampe après avoir appris une tâche de mémoire spatiale. Les souris knock-out Bmal1 spécifiques microgliales ont été protégées contre l'obésité induite par HFD et ont présenté une performance de mémoire accrue. La carence en Bmal1 diminue l'expression des gènes des cytokines pro-inflammatoires et augmente l'expression des gènes des facteurs antioxydants et anti-inflammatoires dans la microglie.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Microglia are the brain’s resident macrophages with immune-modulating and phagocytic capabilities. They optimize the surrounding microenvironment and shape the neural circuits. Moreover, the microglial function is controlled by an intrinsic circadian rhythm. This thesis aimed to understand whether lacking the core clock gene Bmal1 would affect microglial functions. We found that Bmal1 deficient microglia showed better phagocytic capacity in the hypothalamus after receiving HFD and in the hippocampus after learning. Microglial specific Bmal1 knockout mice were protected from HFD-induced obesity and presented increased memory performance. Moreover, Bmal1 deficiency decreased gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased gene expression of anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory factors in microglia. Our data suggest that the molecular clock in microglial cells could be a new target to treat metabolic and cognitive disorders, as well as neuron-inflammatory diseases.</dcterms:abstract>
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