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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Contrôle central de la reproduction chez le dromadaire : effet des saisons et du facteur inducteur d’ovulation (β-NGF) sur les neurones à kisspeptine et à RFRP-3</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Central control of breeding in dromedaries : effect of seasons and ovulation inducing factor (β-NGF) on kisspeptin and RFRP-3 neurons</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Dromadaire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Reproduction saisonnière</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Kisspeptine</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">RFRP-3</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Β-NGF</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Neuropeptides</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Hypothalamus</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Photoperiode</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Accouplement</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Ovulation induite</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Dromedary camel</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Seasonal breeding</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Kisspeptin</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mating</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Induced ovulation</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Le dromadaire (Camelus dromedarius), un mammifère hautement adapté au désert, est sexuellement actif durant les jours courts. Cette période coïncide avec la disponibilité de la nourriture et des conditions climatiques favorables à la survie de la progéniture. A cette période, les femelles présentent une ovulation provoquée par le β-NGF présent dans le plasma séminal des mâles. A l’heure actuelle, les mécanismes impliqués dans le contrôle central de la reproduction et de l’induction de l’ovulation restent inconnus. Durant cette thèse nous avons montré que les neurones à Kp et RFRP-3, deux RFamides impliqués dans le contrôle de la reproduction saisonnière, sont présent dans l’hypothalamus du dromadaire. Ces deux neurones présentent des variations saisonnières opposés suggérant un rôle de ces RFamides dans la régulation saisonnière de la reproduction du dromadaire avec probablement des effets physiologiques différents. Par ailleurs, nous avons montré que l’effet ovulatoire du β-NGF est induit en activant majoritairement les neurones qui sont directement impliqués dans la reproduction, à savoir la Kp, le GnRH et le RFRP-3.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The dromedary (Camelus dromedarius), a highly adapted mammal to the desert, is sexually active during short days. This period coincides with food availability and favourable climatic conditions to the survival of the offspring. At this time, females exhibit ovulation induced by neuronal growth factor beta (β-NGF) present in seminal plasma of males. Currently, the mechanisms involved in the central control of breeding and the induction of ovulation remain unknown. During this thesis we showed that Kp and RFRP-3 neurons, two RFamides involved in the control of seasonal breeding, are present in the hypothalamus of dromedaries. These two neurons present opposite seasonal variations suggesting a role of these RFamides in the seasonal regulation of dromedary reproduction with probably different physiological effects. Furthermore, we have shown that the ovulatory effect of β-NGF is induced by activating mainly the neurons that are directly involved in reproduction, namely Kp, GnRH and RFRP-3.</dcterms:abstract>
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