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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Libéralisation des transports et concurrence durable : les nouveaux enjeux de la concurrence dans l’Union européenne : réflexion à partir du transport aérien de passagers</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Concurrence durable</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Créneaux aéroportuaires</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Démonopolisation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Loyauté</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Résilience</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Territoire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Transport aérien</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Transport ferroviaire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Transport multimodal</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Competition</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Airport slots</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Demonopolization</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Regulation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Sustainable competition</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Resilience</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Air transport</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Le secteur du transport aérien de passagers est l’un plus ancien secteur économique libéralisé, alors que le transport ferroviaire de passagers n’en est qu’au début de son ouverture à la concurrence. La politique de concurrence, par le droit européen qu’elle a mise en œuvre, a démonopolisé et, dans une moindre mesure,désétatisé un secteur économique stratégique pour la connectivité du territoire et l’édification du marché intérieur. Même si la structure du marché, ainsi obtenue, reste imparfaite au sens de la théorie économique, et relève d’une illusion de la concurrence par la seule ouverture du marché, le marché aérien européen met en lumière une concurrence durable. Par la pratique institutionnelle de cette concurrence imparfaite, et en tenant compte des perturbations normatives extérieures venant principalement des États-Unis, l’Union européenne crée cette nouvelle texture de la concurrence. La thèse vise à proposer une nouvelle lecture de l’application de la politique de concurrence de l’UE à un mode de transport qui s’insère dans une logique globale de mobilité contrainte par la planificationécologique.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The air passenger transport sector is one of the oldest liberalized economic sectors, while passenger rail transport is only at the beginning of its opening to competition. The competition policy, through the European law it has implemented, has demonopolized and, in the case of the railways demonopolized and, to a lesser extent, de-statized an economic sector that is strategic for for the connectivity of the territory and the construction of the internal market. Even if the structure of the market, thus obtained, remains imperfect in the sense of the economic theory, and raises an illusion of competition through the mere opening of the market, the European air transport market highlights sustainable competition. Through the institutional practice of this imperfect competition, and taking into account the external normative external normative disturbances coming mainly from the United States, the European Union is creating this this new texture of competition. The thesis aims to propose a new reading of the application of EU competition policy to a mode of transport that is contracted by ecological planning.</dcterms:abstract>
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