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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">La situation patrimoniale du conjoint survivant en l'absence de testament en droit français et en droit</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">The patrimonial situation of the surviving spouse without a will under french law and chinese law</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Conjoint survivant</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Indignité successorale</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Usufruit</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Pleine propriété</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Réserve héréditaire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Masse de calcul</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Masse d’exercice</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Conventions matrimoniales</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Communauté réduite aux acquêts</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Avantages matrimoniaux</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Droit au logement</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Surviving spouse</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Unworthiness to inherit</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Usufruct</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Freehold</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Hereditary reserve</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mass of calculation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mass of exercise</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Matrimonial property agreement</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Community regime of property of acquisitions</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Marital advantages</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Le conjoint survivant est historiquement un successeur irrégulier en France comme en Chine, et dans ces deux systèmes successoraux -malgré leur grande différence- le lignage a longtemps prévalu sur l’alliance, à tel point que le conjoint survivant pouvait rarement hériter ab intestat du de cujus. Cependant, depuis la fin du XIXe siècle, le statut successoral du conjoint survivant s’est progressivement amélioré, tant en France qu’en Chine. De nos jours, le sort du conjoint survivant est protégé de plein droit lorsque le de cujus n'a pas laissé de testament. Mais si la protection du conjoint survivant est un principe commun, on peut s’interroger sur les moyens mis en œuvre dans ces deux pays très éloignés l’un de l’autre et qui sont imprégnés par des traditions juridiques, socioculturelles et politiques très différentes. La première partie de la thèse est consacrée à l’examen des droits successoraux que le conjoint survivant revendique purement en sa qualité d’héritier, qui est comparable à celle des autres héritiers. La deuxième partie de la thèse se penche sur les droits auxquels le conjoint survivant peut prétendre en sa qualité d’époux, au premier chef des conséquences découlant de la dissolution des régimes matrimoniaux et des droits spécifiques au logement. Nous pouvons bien sûr observer des particularités dans ces deux législations au niveau du droit patrimonial de la famille, mais parfois aussi des convergences. Il faut aussi ajouter que ce travail s’inscrit dans un contexte particulier, puisque le Code civil chinois vient juste d'être adopté et apporte, dans son application, une actualité qui peut intéresser le juriste français.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The surviving spouse was historically an irregular successor in France as in China, because in these two ancient systems of succession, despite their great differences, lineage strongly prevailed over alliance, to such an extent that the surviving spouse could, but very rarely, inherit ab intestat from the deceased. Since the end of the 19th century, the inheritance status of the surviving spouse has been gradually increased in both France and China. Nowadays, the fate of the surviving spouse is protected when the deceased did not leave a will. If the protection of the surviving spouse is a common principle, we ask the measures taken to this end in these two countries, which are very far from each other and are permeated by different legal, socio-cultural and political traditions. The first part of the thesis focuses on the inheritance rights that the surviving spouse can have purely as an heir, in the same capacity as the other heirs. The second part of the thesis examines the rights that a surviving spouse can claim in his or her capacity as a spouse. This relates to the consequences of the dissolution of the matrimonial property regime and specific housing rights. We can closely observe the particularities of these two legislations at the level of family patrimonial law, but sometimes also the convergences of each of them. This work takes place in an interesting context, since the Chinese Civil Code has just been adopted and brings, in its application, a topicality which can interest the French jurist.</dcterms:abstract>
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