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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Trade secrets legal protection : from a comparative analysis of US and EU law to a new model of understanding</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">La protection juridique des secrets d’affaires : d’une analyse comparative des protections conférées aux États-Unis et en Europe à la proposition d’un nouveau modèle conceptuel</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Secret d’affaire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Know-how</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Propriété intellectuelle</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Droit de la concurrence</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Concurrence déloyale</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Droit comparé</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Droit Étatsunien</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Directive (UE) 2016/943</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Trade secrets</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Know-how</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Intellectual property</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Competition law</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Unfair competition</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Comparative law</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">US law</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Directive (EU) 2016/94</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027683834" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Secrets d'entreprises</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">En dépit de l'importance économique des secrets d'affaires, leur protection juridique ne repose pas sur un corpus théorique solide, et une forte incertitude demeure quant à la manière dont ils devraient être appréhendés juridiquement. La présente étude analyse les justifications qui sous-tendent cette protection et propose ensuite de définir la manière dont cette appréhension juridique devrait s'opérer. Après une analyse comparative des cadres juridiques existant aux États-Unis et dans l'Union européenne, l'étude propose aussi un cadre conceptuel fondé sur la distinction de deux objets juridiques : la sphère secrète des entreprises et les informations secrètes. La protection de la sphère secrète des entreprises apparaît comme une condition nécessaire à la tenue du processus concurrentiel se déroulant dans un contexte d'incertitude structurelle. Elle nécessite une réglementation de type objective mise en œuvre par les autorités publiques. L'appréhension juridique des informations secrètes relève, quant à elle, du domaine de la réglementation des biens immatériels et vise à résoudre le déficit de commercialisation de ce type de biens. Cet objectif pouvant nécessiter l'établissement de droits subjectifs dits relatifs.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Despite the economic relevance of trade secrets, their legal protection is not based on a robust theoretical corpus, and a large uncertainty remains as to the way they should be legally apprehended. This study investigates the foundations of their legal protection by assessing its justifications and then aims at defining how this legal apprehension should be organised. After a comparative analysis of the US and the EU legal frameworks, the study explores a theoretical framework based on a distinction between two legal objects: the undertakings’ secret sphere and secret pieces of information. Securing the undertakings’ secret sphere appears as a condition for the competition process to happen in an economy working under structural uncertainty and it requires objective regulations enforced by public authorities. On the other hand, the legal apprehension of secret pieces of information should be considered as falling within the realm of immaterial goods regulation aiming to solve the deficit of marketability of this type of good. This might call – after conducting a careful policy trade-off – for the establishment of a relative (i.e. inter partes) subjective right.</dcterms:abstract>
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