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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Permanence in economics, social preferences and social interactions : application to environmental issues</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">Permanence en économie, préférences sociales et interactions sociales : application aux questions environnementales</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Mesures agro-environnementales</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Conservation de la biodiversité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Économie expérimentale</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Modélisation écologique-économique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Comportement des agriculteurs</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Incitations</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Efficacité-coût</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Modèle d’aide à la décision</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Agri-environmental schemes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Biodiversity conservation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Experimental economics</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Ecological–economic modelling</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Farmer behaviour</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Incentives</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Cost-effectiveness</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Dans un contexte d’intensification de l’agriculture entraînant une perte de biodiversité, les agriculteurs sont confrontés au dilemme entre rentabilité et protection de l’environnement. Les mesures agro-environnementales et climatiques (MAEC) visent à encourager des pratiques durables tout en réduisant la charge pesant sur les agriculteurs, mais leur efficacité écologique et économique reste discutable. Cette thèse combine l’économie expérimentale et la modélisation écologique-économique afin d’améliorer la conception des MAEC. Le premier chapitre analyse des incitations (information, sanction monétaire, récompense non monétaire) dans un jeu de bien public et met en évidence des effets persistants selon les types de préférences sociales. Les chapitres suivants intègrent les données comportementales issues d’expériences de dons de charité dans le modèle d’aide à la décision DSS-Ecopay, comparant l’hypothèse du Homo œconomicus à des comportements observés. Les résultats montrent qu’une modélisation plus réaliste augmente légèrement la participation et l’efficacité écologique, suggérant que les modèles classiques sous-estiment le potentiel réel des politiques de conservation.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Against the backdrop of agricultural intensification and biodiversity loss, farmers face the dilemma between profitability and environmental protection. Agri-Environment Climate Schemes (AES) aim to promote environmentally-friendly farming while reducing farmers’ burdens, but their ecological and cost effectiveness is often questioned. This dissertation combines experimental economics with ecological–economic modelling to improve the design of AES. Chapter 1 examines incentives (information, monetary punishment, non-monetary reward) in a public goods game and finds persistent effects beyond intervention, differing according to types of social preference. Chapters 2 and 3 integrate behavioural data from charitable giving experiments into the DSS-Ecopay decision-support model to compare assumptions of Homo œconomicus with empirically observed behaviour. Results show that incorporating realistic behavioural tendencies modestly increases participation and habitat effectiveness, suggesting that conventional models may underestimate the true potential of conservation policies.</dcterms:abstract>
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