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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Fossiles : archives de territoires</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Paléontologie</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Fossiles : archives de territoires revient sur l’histoire de l’archivage des fossiles au XIXe siècle en empruntant un chemin se concentrant moins sur des questions d’ordre épistémologique que d’ordre politique. Les fossiles entretiennent un lien irréductible avec les sols et sous- sols dont ils sont issus. Ainsi, l’histoire de la transformation des fossiles en archives de la Terre doit aussi pouvoir interroger comment cette transformation s’est articulée à la définition de territoires, aussi bien nationaux que coloniaux. En même temps que les fossiles devenaient les archives sur lesquelles repose l’étude scientifique du passé de la Terre, ils se constituaient aussi en une source d’informations précieuses affectant la perception et la gestion d’espaces variés. En approchant les fossiles comme des « archives de territoires », cette thèse explique comment l’archivage des fossiles est autant connecté à la reconstruction du passé de la Terre qu’à des enjeux territoriaux. Cette thèse se penche sur trois contextes coloniaux différents : l’Algérie française, la colonie de Nouvelle-Zélande et l’État de Californie dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Fossils as Archives of Territories aims at revisiting the history of the archiving of fossils in the nineteenth century by taking a different path focusing less on epistemological than on political questions. Fossils have an irreducible relation to the lands and undergrounds in which they are found. Hence, the history of the transformation of fossils into archives of the Earth should also be able to investigate how this transformation articulated itself with the definition of territories, both national and colonial. While fossils were becoming the archives on which the scientific study of the geological past relies, they also represented a wealth of precious information affecting the perception and governance of various spaces. By approaching fossils as “archives of territories”, this dissertation elucidates how the archiving of fossils is as connected to the reconstruction of the Earth’s past as it is to issues surrounding territories. The dissertation focuses on three different colonial contexts: French Algeria (1840-1880), the colony of New Zealand (1840-1880), and the State of California (1850-1870).</dcterms:abstract>
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