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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Auto-assemblage de peptides assisté par enzyme au sein d’hydrogels</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Processus de type Liesegang</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Enzyme-assisted self-assembly</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Mon projet doctoral concerne à la fois l’auto-assemblage de peptides induit par des enzymes et la structuration de matériaux par des processus de réaction-diffusion. Nous avons montré qu’en utilisant la phosphatase alcaline au sein d’un gel hôte et en y laissant diffuser un peptide précurseur phosphorylé, celui-ci est transformé en peptide hydrogélateur qui s’auto-assemble. Comme les enzymes dans le gel diffusent également hors du gel, on observe un profil de concentration d’auto-assemblage à l’interface gel/solution suivi d'une zone de déplétion dans le gel, elle-même suivie d’un second maximum d’auto-assemblage. Ce profil résulte de processus semblables à ceux permettant l’obtention de structures de Liesegang. Lorsque la concentration en enzyme dans le gel diminue, on observe une transition entre un profil continu et des micro-globules isolés d’auto-assemblage. Nous avons développé un modèle rendant compte de l’ensemble de ces observations. A notre connaissance, ces travaux décrivent pour la première fois la formation in situ et autonome de motifs organiques microstructurés au sein de matériaux, à partir d’enzymes. Ils représentent ainsi une nouvelle approche pour la conception de biomatériaux hiérarchisés et fonctionnels.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">My thesis work concerns both the enzyme-assisted self-assembly of peptides and the structuring of materials by reaction-diffusion processes. We have shown that by using alkaline phosphatase within a host gel and allowing a phosphorylated precursor peptide to diffuse into it, it is transformed into a hydrogelator peptide that self-assembles. As the enzymes in the gel also diffuse out of the gel, there is a concentration profile of self-assembly at the gel/solution interface followed by a depletion zone in the gel followed by a second maximum of self-assembly. This profile is the result of processes similar to those used to obtain Liesegang structures. As the enzyme concentration in the gel decreases, a transition is observed between a continuous profile and isolated self-assembling micro-globules. We have developed a model to account for all these observations. To our knowledge, this work describes for the first time the in situ and autonomous formation of organic microstructured motifs within materials, based on enzymes. It thus represents a new approach for the design of hierarchical and functional biomaterials.</dcterms:abstract>
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