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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Études par spectrométrie de masse électrochimique différentielle (DEMS) de la réduction des nitrites catalysée par les polyoxométallates, une électrode d'argent et des matériaux hybrides à base de liquide ionique</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) studies of nitrite reduction catalyzed by polyoxometallates, silver electrode, and ionic liquid-based hybrid materials</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Electroréduction des nitrites</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Polyoxométalates</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Spectroscopie de masse électrochimique différentielle (DEMS)</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Etudes cinétiques</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Synergie</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Nanoparticules d'Ag</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Liquide ionique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Matériaux hybrides</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Nitrite electroreduction</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Polyoxometalates</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Differential Electrochemical Mass Spectroscopy (DEMS)</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Kinetic studies</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Synergy</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Ag nanoparticles</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Ionic liquid</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Hybrid materials</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027394069" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Spectrométrie de masse</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027225194" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Électrochimie</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027337162" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Cinétique chimique</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="199796327" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Nanoparticules d'argent</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="266068510" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Poly(liquide ionique)s</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="034762590" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Matériaux hybrides</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La réduction électrochimique du nitrite est catalysée, entre autres, par les polyoxométallates (POMs), une classe d'agrégats d'oxydes métalliques inorganiques solubles en milieu aqueux. Le travail effectué dans cette thèse est axé sur l'étude des produits de la réaction par la technique « Spectrométrie de masse différentielle couplée à l’électrochimie » (DEMS). Les produits gazeux sont l’oxyde nitrique (NO) et l’oxyde nitreux (N2O) et leur potentiel de formation est étroitement lié aux propriétés électrochimiques des POMs sélectionnés. La modélisation microcinétique a été utilisée pour établir une hiérarchie des efficacités électrocatalytiques d'une série de POMs du type Keggin où la charge du POM a été modulée. Un mécanisme de réaction impliquant HNO comme intermédiaire est fortement soutenu par les résultats obtenus. Dans une deuxième partie, la catalyse en tandem entre les POMs et une électrode de travail en argent a été étudiée. Les études DEMS ont mis en évidence la synergie entre les deux systèmes, responsable pour la diminution de la surtension nécessaire à la formation du N2O. Le mécanisme de réaction implique un intermédiaire de type HN2O2 adsorbé sur l’électrode d’argent. La dernière partie décrit la catalyse hétérogène réalisée par une série de POMs hybrides obtenus en remplaçant les contre- cations par un cation issu du liquide ionique. Les résultats DEMS sont inattendus car la surtension nécessaire à la formation du N2O est encore diminuée.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The electrochemical reduction of nitrite is catalyzed by polyoxometalates (POMs), a class of inorganic metal oxide aggregates soluble in aqueous media. This thesis is focused on the study of the reaction products detected by the technique "Differential Electrochemical mass spectrometry" (DEMS). The gaseous products are nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N2O) and their formation potential is closely related to the electrochemical properties of the selected POMs. Microkinetic modeling was used to establish a hierarchy of electrocatalytic efficiencies of a series of Keggin-type POMs where the POM charge was modulated. The reaction mechanism involves HNO as intermediate species. In a second part, tandem catalysis between POMs and a silver working electrode was studied. DEMS studies have highlighted the synergy between the two systems, responsible for the reduction of the overvoltage necessary for the formation of N2O. The reaction mechanism involves the HN2O2 dimer adsorbed on the silver surface. The last part describes the heterogeneous catalysis achieved by a series of hybrid POMs obtained by replacing the counter-cations with a cation from the ionic liquid. The DEMS results are unexpected because the overvoltage necessary for the formation of N2O is further reduced.</dcterms:abstract>
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