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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Conception de peptides de novo s’autoassemblant en hélices β gauche</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Conception rationnelle</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Métalloenzymes artificielles</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Autoassemblages</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Fibres</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Rational design</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Artificial metalloenzymes</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Self-assembly</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les métalloenzymes artificielles représentent une option viable pour concevoir des catalyseurs combinant les avantages de la catalyse homogène et enzymatique afin de remplacer les catalyseurs utilisés de nos jours, souvent à base de métaux rares et issus de la pétrochimie. Pour se faire, une des manières est de concevoir rationnellement de petites unités peptidiques, appelées briques, s’autoassemblant pour former des fibres stables et robustes. Un des repliements identifiés pour cette application est l’hélice β gauche de type I (LβH)(e.g. plusieurs exemples avec des métaux). Cette thèse présente l'analyse de séquences naturelles contenant des LβHs mettant en évidence les résidus importants pour le repliement. Ensuite, à partir de cette analyse, des peptides formant des fibres très susceptibles de se replier en LβΗs ont été conçus et analysés par spectroscopies IR et CD, fluorescence, TEM, modélisation... tout étant en accord avec le repliement attendu. Nous nous sommes également intéressés à la conception d’un motif minimal pouvant permettre la formation de mimes de LβHs étudiés par DRX. Malheureusement, les structures ne sont pas en accord avec le repliement attendu.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Artificial metalloenzymes represent a viable option to design catalysts combining the advantages ofhomogeneous and enzymatic catalysis to replace today's rare metal and petrochemical based catalysts. One way to do this is to rationally design small peptide units, called bricks, which self-assemble to form stable and robust fibers. One of the folds identified and promising for this application is the type I left-handed β helix (LβH) (e.g. several examples with metals). This thesis presents the analysis of natural sequences containing LβHs highlighting important residues for folding. Then, based on this analysis, fiber-forming peptides highly susceptible to fold into LβΗs were designed and analysed by IR and CD spectroscopies, fluorescence, TEM, modeling... all in agreement with the expected folding. We were also interested in the design of a minimal motif allowing the formation of LβHs mimics that could be studied by XRD. Unfortunately, the structures are not in agreement with the expected folding.</dcterms:abstract>
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