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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Traceurs géochimiques des interactions fluide-roche dans les domaines de manteau exhumé : une étude des processus de serpentinisation, du terrain au laboratoire</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Geochemical tracers of fluid-rock interactions in exhumed mantle domains : a comprehensive study of serpentinization processes, from field to experiments</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Serpentinisation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Interactions fluide-roche</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Manteau exhumé</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Expériences hydrothermales</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Isotopes stable (B)</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Isotopes radiogéniques (Sr)</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Serpentinization</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Fluid-rock interactions</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’objectif de cette thèse était de caractériser le processus de serpentinisation associé à l’exhumation du manteau lors de l’ouverture océanique en contexte de marges passives pauvres en magma, demeurant jusqu’ici encore peu étudié. Nous avons cherché à i) caractériser les différentes étapes d’interaction fluide-roche lors de l’exhumation du manteau par l’étude de la serpentinisation; ii) estimer les conditions de serpentinisation (température, profondeur, rapport eau/roche); iii) déterminer l’origine des fluides qui provoque la réaction de serpentinisation; iv) comprendre comment ces derniers interagissent avec les roches du manteau et évoluent, v) caractériser l’impact de la serpentinisation dans la mobilisation des métaux et la formation de gisements polymétalliques sur le plancher océanique. Afin de répondre à ces questions, deux approches complémentaires ont été utilisées. La première approche consistait à l’étude d’échantillons naturels collectés dans les ophiolites Alpines. La deuxième approche consistait à reproduire expérimentalement la réaction de serpentinisation.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The objective of this thesis was to characterize the serpentinization process associated to the mantle exhumation during oceanic opening in the context of magma-poor passive margins, which has remained poorly. We aimed to i) characterize the different stages of fluid-rock interaction during mantle exhumation by studying serpentinization products; ii) estimate the serpentinization conditions (temperature, depth, water/rock ratio); iii) determine the origin of the fluids that cause the serpentinization reaction; iv) understand how these fluids interact and evolve with the mantle rocks; v) characterize the impact of serpentinization in the mobilization of metals and the formation of polymetallic deposits on the seafloor. To answer these questions, two complementary approaches were used. The first approach consisted in the study of natural samples collected in Alpine ophiolites. The second approach consisted in the experimental reproduction of the serpentinization reaction.</dcterms:abstract>
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