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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Circadian system in diurnal and nocturnal rodents : role of the arousal system</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">Système circadien chez les rongeurs diurnes et nocturnes : rôle du système de l'éveil</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Circadien</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Rythme</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Diurne</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Arvicanthis</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Sérotonine</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Noradrénaline</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Noyaux du Raphé</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Locus Coeruleus</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Noyaux Suprachiasmatiques</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Fluoxétine</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Circadian</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Rhythms</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Diurnal</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Nocturnal</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Arvicanthis</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Serotonin</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Noradrenaline</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Raphe nuclei</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Locus Coeruleus</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Suprachiasmatic nucleI</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Multi-unit activity</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Chez les mammifères, les fonctions rythmiques sont orchestrées par les noyaux Suprachiasmatiques (SCN). Selon qu'un animal soit nocturne ou diurne, les rythmes d’activité/repos se produisent à des phases opposées, alors que les SCN sont actifs au même moment astronomique. Nous avons étudié le rôle de deux structures du système de l’éveil, les noyaux sérotoninergiques (5HT) du Raphé (RN) et noradrénergiques (NA) du Locus Coeruleus (LC) dans l'organisation temporelle entre les espèces nocturnes et diurnes. Nous avons montré que la synthèse de 5HT et de NA, et l'expression des gènes d'horloge dans le RN et le LC, sont opposées entre l'Arvicanthis diurne et le rat nocturne, et corrélées avec leurs profils comportementaux respectifs. De plus, nous avons montré que le comportement augmente l'activité électrique (MUA) des SCN chez Arvicanthis (contrairement au rat) et que la fluoxétine, un inhibiteur de la recapture de 5HT, diminue l'amplitude des rythmes d'activité comportementale et MUA. Ces données montrent que le fonctionnement rythmique des structures de l’éveil est différent entre les animaux diurnes et nocturnes, et peut participer à leur organisation temporelle opposée.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">In mammals, all rhythmic functions are orchestrated by the Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the master clock. While behavioral activity occurs at opposite phases in diurnal and nocturnal species, the SCN is always active at the same astronomical time. We investigated whether structures of the arousal system, namely the serotonergic (5HT) Raphe nuclei (RN) and noradrenergic (NA) Locus Coeruleus (LC), are involved in the opposite temporal organization between nocturnal and diurnal species. We showed that 5HT and NA synthesis, as well as clock gene expression in the RN and LC, are opposite between the diurnal Arvicanthis and the nocturnal rat, and correlate with their respective behavioral patterns. Furthermore, we showed that behavior enhances the SCN multi-unit activity (MUA) in Arvicanthis (in opposition to the rat), and that fluoxetine, a 5HT reuptake inhibitor, dampens the amplitude of both MUA and behavioral activity rhythms. These data show that the rhythmic functioning of arousal structures and their interactions with the SCN, is different between diurnal and nocturnal animals, and may participate to their different temporal organization.</dcterms:abstract>
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