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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">De la recherche de nouveaux biomarqueurs thérapeutiques de la sclérose en plaques à l’identification de l’apeline-13 comme candidat médicament</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">From the research for new therapeutic biomarkers of multiple sclerosis to the identification of apelin-13 as a drug candidate</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Sclérose en plaques</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">EAE</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Apelin</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Multiple Sclerosis</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">EAE</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">RNA biomarkers</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La SEP est une maladie auto-immune chronique affectant le système nerveux central caractérisée par des attaques inflammatoires auto-immunes contre les gaines de myéline. Il n’existe pas à ce jour de biomarqueurs moléculaires spécifiques capables de refléter l'activité et la dynamique d’expression des différentes phases de la maladie. Dans ce travail nous avons utilisé le modèle EAE caractérisé par trois phases principales : première apparition des symptômes, pic et rémission. Nous avons établi une signature moléculaire pour chaque phase de la maladie qui a révélé Chi3l1, Spp1 et Apelin comme des cibles intéressantes qui pourraient être des biomarqueurs diagnostiques et thérapeutiques. L’intérêt des signatures moléculaires proposées est démontré par la prise en compte de la chute d’expression de l'apeline dans le SNC dans une étude visant à évaluer l’intérêt thérapeutique d’une supplémentation en apeline chez des souris EAE. Ainsi, nous avons pu montrer que le traitement avec une version fluorée du peptide Apeline-13 améliore le score clinique de l'EAE et préserve la myéline. Ces résultats combinés à des expériences ex-vivo sur des tranches organotypiques de cerveau et in vitro sur des cellules microgliales et des macrophages primaires suggèrent que ce rôle protecteur de l'apeline dans le modèle EAE passe par la modulation de l’activité des microglies et des macrophages.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">MS is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system characterized by autoimmune inflammatory attacks against the myelin sheaths. To date, there are no specific molecular biomarkers able to reflect the activity and the dynamic of the different phases of the disease. In this work we used the EAE model characterized by three main phases: onset, peak and remission. We established a molecular signature for each phase of the disease which revealed Chi3l1, Spp1 and Apelin as interesting targets that could be diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers. The relevance of the proposed molecular signatures is demonstrated by taking into account the downregulation of apelin expression in the CNS in a study aiming at evaluating the therapeutic interest of apelin supplementation in EAE mice. Thus, we were able to show that treatment with a fluorinated Apelin-13 peptide improves the clinical score of mice and preserves myelin in the EAE model. These results combined with ex-vivo experiments on organotypic brain slices and in vitro experiments on microglial cells and primary macrophages suggest that this protective role of apelin in the EAE model is mediated by the direct modulation of microglial and macrophage activity.</dcterms:abstract>
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