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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Implication du récepteur co-inhibiteur BTLA dans la régulation de la réponse immunitaire au cours du Lupus Érythémateux Systémique</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Expression and function of the co-inhibitory receptor BTLA during systemic lupus erythematosus</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Lupus</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">BTLA</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Auto-immunité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Lymphocytes B</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Lymphocytes T régulateurs</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Thérapie</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Lupus</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">BTLA</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Autoimmunity</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">B cells</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Regulatory T cells</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Le lupus érythémateux systémique est une maladie auto-immune caractérisée par une production d’auto- anticorps. Le dialogue entre lymphocytes T (LT) et LB entrainant la différenciation des LB auto-réactifs en plasmocytes sécréteurs d’auto-anticorps, joue un rôle crucial dans la pathogénèse lupique. Cette interaction est notamment régulée grâce aux molécules co-inhibitrices exprimées par les cellules immunitaires. Mon projet de thèse a consisté à étudier l’expression et la fonction du récepteur inhibiteur B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) au cours du lupus. Chez les patients, nous avons mis en évidence un défaut d’expression de BTLA à la surface des LT régulateurs et d’une population de LB mémoires, pouvant expliquer l’hyperactivité lymphocytaire observée au cours du lupus. Dans le modèle murin, nous avons montré i) un défaut fonctionnel de BTLA dans les LT CD4+de souris lupiques et que ii) l’administration d’un anticorps anti-BTLA à ces souris retarde l’apparition des signes de la maladie et prolonge la durée de vie des animaux. Ces résultats encourageants indiquent que BTLA pourrait être considéré comme une piste thérapeutique intéressante dans le lupus.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is an autoimmune disease characterized by the production of autoantibodies which contribute to tissue inflammation by depositing in target organs such as skinor kidneys. T-B crosstalk leading to B cell differentiation into plasma cells, plays a crucial role in lupus pathogenesis. One mechanism that regulates this crosstalk is the balance between costimulatory and coinhibitory receptors expressed by immune cells. The aim of my thesis project was to analyze the inhibitory receptor B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) expression and functionality in lupus settings. In lupus patients, we evidenced an altered BTLA expression in two cell subsets, i.e. memoryB cells and regulatory T cells, which may in part explain the abnormal lymphocyte activation. Moreover, we observed in the NZB/W lupus mouse model, an impaired capacity of BTLA to inhibitCD4+ T cell activation. Finally, we showed that the administration of an anti-BTLA antibody to NZB/W lupus mice delays the onset of symptoms of the disease and prolongs survival. Together, these promising results suggest that BTLA could be considered as a new interesting therapeutic target in lupus.</dcterms:abstract>
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