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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Rôle de la mutation IRE1-α R594C dans l’homéostasie lymphocytaire et le développement d’une auto-immunité</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Role of the IRE1-α R594C mutation in lymphocyte homeostasis and the development of autoimmunity</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Lupus</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Auto-immunité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Tolérance</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Lymphocytes B</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Auto-anticorps</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">IRE1-α</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Autoimmunity</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Tolerance</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Le lupus érythémateux systémique est une maladie auto-immune sévère caractérisée par une importante étiologie génétique. Une analyse par séquençage d’exome d’un patient atteint de lupus et de membres de sa famille atteints d’auto-immunité a permis d’identifier une mutation hétérozygote (R594C) du gène ERN1 qui pourrait être liée à la pathologie. La protéine IRE1-α, codée par le gène ERN1, est impliquée dans le mécanisme de l’UPR (unfolded protein response) permettant la réponse à un stress cellulaire à la suite d’une accumulation de protéines mal repliées. L’UPR restaure les fonctions normales de la cellule et peut activer les voies de l’apoptose si ces mécanismes sont insuffisants. Le rôle de l’UPR dans le développement du lupus est aujourd’hui inconnu. L’objectif de ce projet était de comprendre, grâce à l’étude d’un nouveau modèle murin porteur de la mutation R594C, les conséquences de cette mutation sur la physiologie des cellules immunitaires et le développement d’une auto-immunité. Nous avons observé que cette mutation conduit à une perte de fonction de la voie d’IRE1-α, et à une perte de tolérance sans manifestations cliniques. Ce projet a ainsi permis de décrire un nouveau rôle potentiel de IRE1-α dans la régulation de la tolérance lymphocytaire.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Systemic lupus erythematosus is a severe auto-immune disease characterized by an important genetic etiology. An exome sequencing analysis of a lupus patient and family members with autoimmunity identified a heterozygous mutation (R594C) in the ERN1 gene, which may be linked to the disease. The IRE1-α protein, encoded by the ERN1 gene, is involved in the UPR (unfolded protein response) mechanism allowing the response to a cellular stress following an accumulation of misfolded proteins. UPR restores normal cell functions and can activate apoptosis pathways if these mechanisms are insufficient. The role of the UPR in the development of lupus is currently unknown. The objective of this project was to understand, through the study of a new mouse model carrying the R594C mutation, the consequences of this mutation on the physiology of immune cells and the development of autoimmunity. We observed that this mutation leads to a loss of function of the IRE1-α pathway, and to a general tolerance breakdown without clinical manifestations. This project thus described a potential new role of IRE1-α in the disruption of lymphocyte tolerance mechanisms.</dcterms:abstract>
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