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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Déconditionnement du muscle strié squelettique chez la patiente atteinte d’un cancer du sein traité par chimiothérapie : étude de la fonction, des mécanismes cellulaires et d’une contremesure par exercice excentrique</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Skeletal muscle deconditioning in breast cancer patient treated with chemotherapy : study of function, cellular mechanisms and countermeasure by eccentric exercise</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Atrophie musculaire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Altérations mitochondriales</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Infiltrations graisseuses</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Exercice excentrique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cancer du sein</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Chimiothérapie</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Muscle atrophy</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mitochondrial alterations</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Intermuscular adipose tissue</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La chimiothérapie, un traitement de référence dans le cancer du sein, est connue pour induire un déconditionnement musculaire. Cependant, la caractérisation de ce phénomène et la compréhension des mécanismes cellulaires associés étaient nécessaires. À travers 6 études cliniques menées sur 132 patientes, nous avons d'abord rapporté un déconditionnement musculaire rapide, caractérisé par une diminution de la masse musculaire, de la force et de la capacité d’exercice. En utilisant des biopsies musculaires, nous avons expliqué ces désadaptations par : des altérations mitochondriales, le développement d’infiltrations graisseuses et une atrophie musculaire. À partir de l’identification de ces mécanismes cellulaires sous-jacents, nous avons testé la faisabilité d'une contremesure basée sur le pédalage excentrique. Nous avons déterminé que le pédalage excentrique n’entrainait pas de dommage musculaire au niveau systémique et induisait un stimulus neuromusculaire élevé, permettant de considérer ce type d'exercice comme un candidat prometteur pour lutter contre le déconditionnement musculaire et améliorer in fine la qualité de vie des patientes.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Chemotherapy is extensively used to treat breast cancer and is associated with skeletal muscle deconditioning. However, the characterization of this phenomenon and the comprehensive understanding of the associated cellular processes were needed. Through 6 studies conducted on 134 patients, we first reported a fast development of skeletal muscle deconditioning as soon as 8 weeks of treatment and characterized by a decrease in muscle mass, force and exercise tolerance. Using muscle biopsies, we found these alterations to be caused by: mitochondrial alterations, intermuscular adipose tissue development and skeletal muscle atrophy. Finally, given the identification of these mechanisms, we tested the feasibility of a countermeasure based on eccentric cycling. We determined that eccentric cycling was safe in breast cancer patients and induced a high neuromuscular stimulus. Consequently, this type of exercise appears as a promising candidate to fight against skeletal muscle deconditioning and improve the patients’ quality of life.</dcterms:abstract>
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