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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Caractérisation fonctionnelle et ciblage pharmacologique de la protéine STARD3</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Functional characterization and pharmacological targeting of the STARD3 protein</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Site de contact membranaire</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Protéine de transport de lipide</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cancer HER2+</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Membrane contact site</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Protein motif</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">HER2+ cancer</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027248585" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Cancer du sein</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La protéine STARD3 est surexprimée dans les cancers HER2+, soit environ 15% des cancers du sein. De manière intéressante, la perte d’expression de la protéine STARD3 dans ces cellules diminue leur croissance. STARD3 possède deux domaines et un motif. Un domaine MENTAL qui ancre la protéine à la membrane des endosomes tardifs et un motif FFAT pouvant interagir avec les protéines VAPs et MOSPD2, protéines du réticulum endoplasmique (RE), formant ainsi des sites de contact membranaires (SCM). Cette protéine possède également un domaine START qui transporte le cholestérol du RE aux endosomes. Cette thèse comprend deux axes. Le premier est fondamental et concerne l’identification du mécanisme de régulation de la formation des SCM ER-endosome via la compréhension du motif FFAT de STARD3. Contrairement aux motifs FFAT conventionnels identifiés jusqu’alors, le motif FFAT de STARD3 possède une sérine, un résidu phosphorylable à la place d’un résidu acide. Nous avons montré que la phosphorylation de celle-ci régule la formation des contacts RE-endosome et le transport de cholestérol. Le second axe porte sur l’identification d’un inhibiteur du transport de cholestérol à des fins thérapeutiques. Nous avons criblé des banques de petites molécules ce qui nous a permis d’identifier une 50ène de molécules pouvant se lier au domaine START de STARD3. Ces informations sont essentielles afin d’identifier un inhibiteur spécifique de STARD3, pouvant, à terme, être utilisé dans des essais de traitement contre les cancers HER2+.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The STARD3 protein is overexpressed in HER2+ cancers, which represent about 15% of breast cancers. Interestingly, STARD3 silencing expression in HER2+ cells reduces their growth. STARD3 has two domains an done motif. A MENTAL domain that anchors the protein to the membrane of late endosomes and a FFAT motif that can interact with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteins VAPs and MOSPD2, thus forming membrane contact sites (MCS). This protein also has a START domain that transports cholesterol from the ER to the endosomes. This thesis has two axes. The first one is fundamental and concerns the identification of the regulatory mechanism of ER-endosome MCS formation via the understanding of the FFAT motif of STARD3. Unlike conventional FFAT motifs, the STARD3 FFAT motif has a central serine, a phosphorylatable residue instead of an acidic residue. We have shown that the phosphorylation of this serine regulates the formation of ER-endosome contacts and cholesterol transport. The second axis focuses on the identification of a cholesterol transport inhibitor for therapeutic purposes. We have screened small compound libraries and identified about 50 molecules that can bind to the START domain of STARD3. This information is essential to identify a STARD3-specific inhibitor that could eventually be used in treatment trials against HER2+ cancers.</dcterms:abstract>
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