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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Identification des causes génétiques manquantes de syndromes dystoniques par séquençage de l’exome</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Dystonie</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Séquençage haut débit de l’ADN</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les dystonies d’origine génétique forment un groupe de pathologies rares à l’origine de mouvements anormaux et/ou de prises de postures anormales. Le séquençage ciblée d’un panel de gènes de mouvements anormaux permet un diagnostic moléculaire dans moins d’un quart des cas, suggérant qu’un grand nombre de causes génétiques de dystonie reste à découvrir. L’objectif de cette thèse était d’identifier ces causes génétiques manquantes de syndromes dystoniques en utilisant le séquençage de l’exome. Au travers de ce travail de thèse, nous avons pu identifier une architecture génétique commune entre pathologies neurodéveloppementales et syndromes dystoniques génétiquement déterminés. Nous avons contribué à élargir le spectre phénotypique associé aux variants pathogènes dans GNAO1 en les rattachant à des dystonies de sévérité moindre. Nous avons identifié deux nouvelles causes de syndromes dystonie-parkinsonisme de début précoce, les mutations perte de fonction dans NR4A2 et la mutation récurrente p.Glu200Lys dans PPP2R5D. Enfin nous avons confirmé l’implication des variants rares dans TMEM151A dans l’apparition de dystonies paroxystiques kinésigéniques.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Inherited dystonia is a group of rare neurogenetic conditions causing abnormal movements and/or abnormal postures. Targeted sequencing of a movement disorders gene panel yields a molecular diagnosis in less than 25 % of cases, suggesting several genetic causes of dystonia remain to be discovered. Our objective was to identify the missing genetic causes of dystonic syndromes using whole exome sequencing. We were able to identify a common genetic architecture between neurodevelopmental disorders and genetically determined dystonic syndromes. We also expanded the phenotypic spectrum associated with GNAO1 pathogenic variants to autosomal dominant and non progressive focal or segmental dystonia. Then, we identified two new causes of early-onset dystonia-parkinsonism syndromes, namely the loss-of-function mutations in NR4A2 and the p.Glu200Lys mutation in PPP2R5D. We also confirmed the association between rare variants in TMEM151A and paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia.</dcterms:abstract>
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