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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">La neutralité de l'État en question</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Neutrality</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Dans la philosophie politique, la neutralité de l’État est la réponse proposée à la question de la légitimité de l’action de l’État dans les sociétés pluralistes, du fait de l’absence de consensus sur les questions de la vie bonne. La définition communément acceptée est celle qui assimile l’expression de « neutralité de l’État » à l’exigence d’impartialité vis-à-vis des différentes conceptions de la vie bonne existant au sein d’une même société. L’État axiologiquement neutre n’est pas un État dénué de valeurs, mais un État assurant la coexistence pacifique de différents systèmes de valeurs. L’objectif de la recherche est d’envisager une étude globale du principe de neutralité et de ses mutations, afin d’en proposer une redéfinition plus adaptée aux exigences contemporaines. L’étude se concentre sur les paradoxes relatifs au concept de neutralité, et s’intéresse à la manière dont ceux-ci, loin de réfuter le concept, peuvent permettre au contraire de le développer et de l’enrichir. Cette interprétation dynamique de la neutralité tend à mettre en évidence son caractère évolutif, et ainsi, la thèse propose une redéfinition de la neutralité « contemporaine ».</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">In political philosophy, state neutrality is the proposed answer to the question of the legitimacy of state action in pluralistic societies due to the absence of consensus on questions of the good life. The commonly accepted definition is the one that equates the expression "neutrality of the state" to the requirement of impartiality among the different conceptions of the good life existing within the same society. An axiologically neutral state is not a state devoid of values. It is a state that ensures the peaceful coexistence of different value systems. This research offers a global study of the principle of neutrality and its mutations to adjust the concept to its contemporary particularities. The study focuses on the paradoxes proceeding from the concept of neutrality. These paradoxes, far from refuting the concept, enable its development and enrichment. This dynamic interpretation of neutrality highlights its evolutionary character. The thesis is an attempt to redefine "contemporary" neutrality.</dcterms:abstract>
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