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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">La valeur d'égalité en droit public français et britannique</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Égalité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Démocratie</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Droits de l’homme</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Principe d’égalité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Non-discrimination</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Reconnaissance</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Inégalités économiques</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Inégalités</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Discrimination positive</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Equality</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Democracy</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Human rights</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Principle of equality</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Recognition</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Economic inequalities</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Inequalities</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">En droit public français, l’égalité revêt une valeur symbolique. Néanmoins, la multitude fragmentée des normes juridiques qui l’expriment rend sa signification contestée et confuse. La thèse soumet cet objet à l’épreuve de la comparaison avec le Royaume-Uni. La lecture de l’égalité en tant que valeur, plutôt qu’en tant que norme juridique, permet de lire ensemble des dimensions souvent compartimentées dans la sphère du droit public. À ce titre, la thèse révèle trois fonctions de l’égalité en droit public. D’abord, elle remplit une fonction de légitimation du pouvoir politique, en contribuant à forger le modèle de la démocratie libérale. Dans ce cadre, l’égalité contribue à la génération de la normativité juridique. Ensuite, l’égalité fonde axiologiquement des normes juridiques particulières. La fonction déontologique, concrétisée par le principe général d'égalité et le droit spécifique de la non-discrimination, contraint le pouvoir politique à considérer les individus comme des égaux. Enfin, la valeur d’égalité est une finalité de l’action publique. Elle appelle l’intervention étatique au soutien d’une égalisation des ressources et des relations interindividuelles.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Equality has a symbolic value in French public law. Nevertheless, the fragmented multitude of legal norms that express it renders its meaning contested and confusing. This thesis aims to improve its understanding by comparing it to British public law. It argues that equality should explicitly be read as a value, rather than a precise legal norm. It reads together dimensions of equality that are often separated in public law. As such, it identifies three functions of equality in public law. First, equality contributes to legitimizing political power, helping to forge the liberal democracy model which France and the UK value. In this context, valuing equality contributes to the generation of legal normativity. Second, equality is an axiological basis of two types of legal norms. Through the legal principle of equality and the specific non-discrimination law, it constrains the exercise of political power which should consider individuals as equals. Finally, the value of equality is a goal of public action. It calls for state intervention to further the equalization of resources and the equalization of social relations.</dcterms:abstract>
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