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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Local Group dwarf galaxies as cosmological probes</dc:title>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les galaxies naines agissent comme des capsules temporelles et ont des masses stellaires très faibles, ce qui en fait le laboratoire idéal pour explorer la physique de la formation et de l'évolution des galaxies et la cosmologie. La plupart des contraintes sont dérivées du système satellitaire de la Voie Lactée, mais comme il n’est pas forcément typique, il est important d'étudier les galaxies naines autour d'autres hôtes. Le but de ce travail est donc de caractériser le système satellitaire de notre voisine cosmique, M31. La première partie de ce travail est consacrée à l'obtention des limites de détection des galaxies naines de M31 en fonction de leur luminosité, de leur taille, de leur distance et de leur position. Dans la deuxième partie de cette thèse, je déduis les propriétés globales de ce système de satellites, en intégrant les limites de détection, créant ainsi une base solide pour une comparaison future entre les observations et les simulations des satellites M31.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Dwarf galaxies are primitive objects that are essential to understanding the universe around us. They act like time capsules and have very low stellar masses, making them the perfect laboratory to explore the physics of galaxy formation &amp; evolution and cosmology. Most of the constraints are derived from the satellite system of our own galaxy, the Milky Way, but as it may not be typical, it is important to study dwarf galaxies around other hosts. Therefore, the aim of this work is to characterize the satellite system of our cosmic neighbor, M31. The first part of this work is dedicated to obtaining the completeness of the search for M31 dwarf galaxies as a function of their luminosity, size, distance and position. In the second part of this thesis, I infer the global properties of this satellite system, folding in the detection limits, creating a solid foundation for future comparison between M31 satellite observations and simulations.</dcterms:abstract>
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