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<dc:title xml:lang="en">In-situ study of hybrid nanomaterial formation : a multiscale approach combining electron microscopy and spectroscopic techniques</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">Étude in-situ de formation de nanomatériaux hybrides : approche multi-échelle couplant microscopie électronique et techniques de spectroscopies</dcterms:alternative>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Hybrid perovskites</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="034762590" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Matériaux hybrides</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Cette thèse explore la nucléation et la croissance de deux systèmes chimiques distincts en utilisant la microscopie électronique à transmission (MET) in-situ comme outil principal. Le premier système implique la croissance de pérovskites hybrides, synthétisées par une méthode de précipitation utilisant deux solvants de polarités différentes. Le second système étudie la croissance de gel d'oxyde de tungstène, obtenu par voie sol-gel. Ces approches par « Chimie-Douce » conduisent souvent à des phases cinétiques métastables, ou intermédiaire. L'objectif principal de cette thèse est d'exploiter les techniques in situ pour suivre ces processus en temps réel, fournissant des informations sur l’évolution structurale et chimiques de ces systèmes. Les données MET in-situ sont corrélées à d'autres techniques, telles que la diffraction des rayons X, la diffusion des rayons X aux petits angles, la résonance magnétique nucléaire, etc. Cette approche combinée vise à combler un manque concernant les études dynamiques in-situ à l'échelle du nanomètre, en se concentrant sur les études corrélatives afin d'obtenir une vue d'ensemble des mécanismes de formation.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This thesis explores the nucleation and growth of two distinct chemical systems using in-situ Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) as a main tool. The first system involves hybrid perovskites, synthesized through a precipitation method using two solvents with different polarities. The second system investigates the growth of a more covalent structure, the tungsten oxide gel, using a sol-gel approach. These “Chimie-Douce” approaches often leads to metastable kinetic phases that slowly transition to a more stable thermodynamic phase. The primary goal of this thesis is to leverage in-situ techniques to monitor these processes in real-time, providing insights into the kinetics and chemical transformations.The in-situ TEM data are complemented by other techniques, such as X-ray diffraction, Small Angle X-ray Scattering, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, and others. This combined approach seeks to fill a gap in the dynamic in-situ studies at the nanometer scale, focusing on correlative studies to obtain a comprehensive view of the formation mechanisms.</dcterms:abstract>
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