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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Supports catalytiques structurés à base de mousses de polyuréthane fonctionnalisées : applications en photocatalyse et en semi-hydrogénation d'alcynes</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Structured catalytic supports based on functionalized polyurethane foams : applications in photocatalysis and semi-hydrogenation of alkynes</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Support catalytique structuré</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Polydopamine</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Mousse de polyuréthane</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Photocatalyse hétérogène</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Semi-hydrogénation d'alcyne</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Couplage de Suzuki</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Structured catalytic support</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Polydopamine</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Polyurethane foams</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Heterogeneous photocatalysis</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Alkyne semi-hydrogenation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Suzuki-coupling</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Dans cette thèse, nous présentons un support catalytique structuré multifonctionnel basé sur des mousses à cellules ouvertes de polyuréthane (PUF) revêtues d’une couche de polydopamine (PDA). Basé sur le principe d'adhésion des moules, ce revêtement biomimétique de PDA permet la fonctionnalisation chimique de la surface des PUF sans altérer leurs propriétés mécaniques et de transport. Dans une première partie, l'ancrage covalent d'APTES comportant un bras trialkoxysilane sur PDA@PUF suivi d'une fonctionnalisation avec Ru(bpy)32+ ou de l’éosine Y a procuré les matériaux Ru(bpy)3-APTES@PDA@PUF et EY-APTES@PDA@PUF. Ru(bpy)3-APTES@PDA@PUF s’est révélé être un photocatalyseur efficace et réutilisable pour des réactions d’homocouplage d'amines benzyliques et de couplages déshydrogénés croisés sous irradiation de lumière visible. EY-APTES@PDA@PUF, en revanche, a montré des limitations lors de l’étude de différentes réactions photocatalytiques d’oxydation sous lumière visible, due à un lessivage non-négligeable de l’éosine Y. Dans une deuxième partie, un simple protocole d'enrobage par immersion de PDA@PUF dans une solution hydro-alcoolique de Pd(NH3)4Cl2,H2O à température ambiante a fourni le matériau Pd@PDA@PUF. Ce composite facile à préparer agit comme un catalyseur hétérogène efficace et hautement réutilisable, sans procédure préalable de réduction, pour la semi-hydrogénation sélective d'alcynes et le couplage de Suzuki de bromures d'aryle dans des conditions aérobies. Des caractérisations approfondies suggèrent une simple coordination initiale d’ions de Pd(II) par les unités catéchols de la couche de PDA, résultant en une dispersion de la phase active de type « atome isolé », ainsi qu’une réduction progressive du Pd(II) en Pd(0).</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">In this thesis, we present a multi-functional structured catalytic support based on open cell polyurethane foams (PUF) coated with polydopamine (PDA). Based on the mussels’ adhesion principle, this biomimetic coating allows surface chemical functionalizations of PUF without altering their mechanical and transport properties. In a first part, the covalent anchoring of APTES bearing a trialkoxysilane arm onto PDA@PUF foam, followed by functionalization with Ru(bpy)32+ or eosin Y provided Ru(bpy)3-APTES@PDA@PUF and EY-APTES@PDA@PUF materials. Ru(bpy)3-APTES@PDA@PUF proved to be an efficient and reusable photocatalyst for benzylic amine homocouplings and cross dehydrogenative couplings under visible-light irradiation. EY-APTES@PDA@PUF, in contrast, showed some limitations when investigating different types of photocatalytic oxidation reactions under visible light, due to non-negligible eosin Y leaching. In a second part, a simple dip-coating protocol of PDA@PUF in a hydro-alcoholic solution of Pd(NH3)4Cl2,H2O at room temperature afforded Pd@PDA@PUF. This easy-to-make composite acted as an efficient and highly reusable heterogeneous catalyst, without prior-reduction processes, for the selective semi-hydrogenation of alkynes and for the Suzuki coupling of aryl bromides under aerobic conditions. Thorough characterizations suggest an initial simple coordination of the Pd(II) ions by the catechol moieties of the PDA layer, resulting in a single atom-type dispersion of the active phase, and a progressive reduction under catalytic conditions of Pd(II) into Pd(0).</dcterms:abstract>
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