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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Résolution à l'échelle moléculaire de la structure de nanofibres de peptides courts par reconstruction d'images de cryo-microscopie électronique, analyse spectrale et dynamique moléculaire</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Molecular scale structural resolution of short peptides’ nanofibers by cryo-TEM image reconstruction, spectral analysis and molecular dynamics</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Auto-assemblage</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Microstructure</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Filaments synthétiques</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Reconstruction d'images</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Self-assembly</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Microstructure</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Molecular structure</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Artificial filaments</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Image reconstruction</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les hydrogels de peptides auto-assemblés sont des matériaux mous utilisés principalement dans le domaine des matériaux, de la catalyse et du domaine biomédicale. Pour pouvoir designer ces matériaux il est nécessaire de connaître l’organisation à l’échelle moléculaire. Dans cette thèse nous nous sommes focalisés sur un tripeptide modifié le Fmoc-FFY. Ce dernier a la capacité de s’auto- assembler dans l’eau via deux modes d’initiation : le premier est la voie enzymatique (Enzyme Assisted Self-Assembly) par l’ajout de phosphatase alcaline avec le Fmoc-FFpY, un précurseur du Fmoc-FFY. Le second mode d’initiation est une voie de chauffage puis refroidissement du Fmoc- FFY (annealing). Durant cette thèse nous avons investigué la structuration du Fmoc-FFY à différentes échelles temporelles et spatiales : (i) dans les premiers instants de l’assemblage grâce à la dynamique moléculaire, (ii) la structure moléculaire dans la nanofibre grâce à la reconstruction d’images et (iii) la variation de la microstructure d’amas de fibres via l’ajout d’acide hyaluronique identifié principalement via la diffusion des rayons X.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Self-assembled peptides’ hydrogels are soft materials currently used in the material, catalytical and biomedical domains. In order to design these materials it is imperative to know the molecular organization of peptides. In this thesis we focused on a modified tri-peptide : Fmoc-FFY. The later have the capability to self-assemble in water via two triggers : the first one is the enzymatic way (Enzymatic Assisted Self-Assembly) with the addition of alkaline phosphatase and Fmoc-FFpY, a precursor to Fmoc-FFY. The second way is the annealing of Fmoc-FFY. In this work we have investigated the structuration of Fmoc-FFY at different spatial and time scales : (i) in the early instants of self-assembly thanks to a molecular dynamics study, (ii) the molecular structure in the nanofiber by the use of image reconstruction and (iii) the microstructure modification of bundles of nanofibers upon the addition of hyaluronic acids identified via X-ray diffusion.</dcterms:abstract>
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