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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Wall-less pumps for Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">Pompes sans paroi pour l'oxygénation extracorporelle par membrane (ECMO)</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Pompe magnétostatique</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Contrainte de cisaillement</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Magnetostatic pump</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Shear stress</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L'objectif de cette thèse est de développer des pompes magnétostatiques qui déplacent doucement le sang en dehors du corps et réduisent les problèmes liés à la cisaillement rencontrés dans l'oxygénation par membrane extracorporelle (ECMO). À partir de l'échelle de la pompe, nous avons développé des pompes magnétostatiques dans trois gammes de débits : faible (2-15 mL min–1), moyen (50-250 mL min–1) et élevé (1 L min–1), car le débit est un déterminant clé des applications possibles. Les tests de circulation sanguine ont montré que toutes les pompes magnétostatiques rotatives avaient une hémolyse significativement plus faible que les pompes péristaltiques, à même débit et durée de circulation sanguine. Dans la suite, en utilisant un circuit modèle ex-vivo, nous avons comparé la plus grande pompe magnétostatique (Q72), avec un débit de 1 L min–1, avec trois autres pompes qui sont (ou étaient dans le passé) utilisées cliniquement pour l'ECMO. En comparant le degré d'hémolyse (par PFH) et la perte de multimères de vWF de haut poids moléculaire, nous avons constaté que la Q72 est plus douce pour le sang que les technologies existantes.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The goal of this thesis is to develop magnetostatic pumps that gently move blood outside of the body and lessen shear-related issues found in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Starting from the pump scaling, we developed magnetostatic pumps in three flow rate ranges: low (2-15 mL min–1), medium (50-250 mL min–1), and high (1 L min–1) since the flow rate is a key determinant of the possible applications. blood circulation tests showed All rotary magnetostaltic pumps had significantly lower hemolysis as compared to peristaltic pumps at the same flow rate and duration of blood circulation. In the following, using an ex-vivo model circuit, we compared the largest magnetostatic pump (Q72), with a flow rate of 1 L min–1, with three other pumps that are (or were in the past) used clinically for ECMO. By comparing the degree of hemolysis (by PFH) and loss of high-molecular weigth vWF multimers, we found that the Q72 is gentler on the blood than existing technologies.</dcterms:abstract>
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