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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Evolution of social organization and its variability in mammals</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Variation intra-spécifique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Evolution</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Social organization</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mammals</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Expliquer l'évolution de l'organisation sociale a été fondamental pour comprendre la socialité humaine et plus largement l'évolution sociale. Dans le passé, on pensait que chaque espèce avait une organisation sociale spécifique. Cependant, la variation intra-spécifique de l'organisation sociale (IVSO) a été constatée chez de nombreux taxons. Cette thèse vise à comprendre l'évolution de l'organisation sociale des mammifères et offre une nouvelle perspective en se concentrant uniquement sur les espèces étudiées dans leur environnement naturel, en utilisant de nouvelles méthodes de statistiques Bayésiennes à effets mixtes et en considérant pour la première fois l'IVSO comme variable continue. Mes études montrent que 1) l’IVSO existe chez 51,12 % des espèces de mammifères étudiées sur le terrain ; 2) Les facteurs liés à l'histoire de vie, en particulier la masse corporelle et les rythmes d'activité, ont des effets importants sur l'organisation sociale des primates et des mammifères ; et 3) en considérant l’IVSO, l'organisation sociale ancestrale de tous les mammifères était variable, la vie en couple étant l'organisation sociale la plus courante.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Explaining the evolution of social organization has been fundamental to understanding human sociality and social evolution more widely. In the past, it was thought that each species had a specific social organization. However, intra-specific variation in social organization (IVSO) has been found in many taxa. This thesis aims to understand the evolution of mammalian social organization and provides a new perspective by focusing only on species studied in their natural environment, using new mixed-effect Bayesian statistical methods and considering for the first time IVSO as a continuous variable. My studies show that 1) IVSO exists in 51.12% of mammalian species studied in the field; 2) life history factors, especially body mass and activity rhythms, have important effects on primate and mammalian social organization; and 3) considering IVSO, the ancestral social organization of all mammals was variable with pair-living as the most common social organization.</dcterms:abstract>
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