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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Implication des récepteurs P2X de l’ATP et du calcium dans la polarisation microgliale</dc:title>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">En réponse à un changement de la composition du milieu extracellulaire, les cellules microgliales vont « s’activer » pour assurer diverses fonctions et secréter des facteurs immuno- modulateurs. Ces cellules, vont détecter la présence de pathogènes ou des variations de concentrations d’ions ou de messagers extracellulaires tels que l’adénosine triphosphate (ATP). Nos travaux se sont intéressés au profil d’expression fonctionnelle des récepteurs-canaux (P2X) de l’ATP dans les cellules microgliales BV-2 et à l’implication du « Calcium Sensing Receptor » (CaSR) dans l’activation microgliale. Nos résultats indiquent que les cellules BV-2 expriment, les récepteurs-canaux P2X1, P2X3, P2X4 P2X5, P2X7 et P2X1/5 fonctionnels. Nous montrons également la présence et la fonctionnalité du CasR, un récepteur couplé aux protéines G, sur les cellules BV-2. Lorsqu’il est activé, le CaSR favorise le phénotype M2. Ces données permettent de porter un regard nouveau sur les mécanismes d’activation et de polarisation des cellules microgliales et révèle pour la première fois l’existence d’un récepteur endogène couplé aux protéines G, le CaSR, dans l’induction de l’état M2.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">In response to changes in the composition of the extracellular environment, the microglial cells will “activate” to carry out various functions and secrete immunomodulatory factors. These cells will detect the presence of pathogens or variations in the concentrations of ions or extracellular messengers such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Our work focused on the functional expression profile of ATP channel receptors (P2X) in BV-2 microglial cells and the involvement of the "Calcium Sensing Receptor" (CaSR) in microglial activation. Our results indicate that BV-2 cells express functional P2X1, P2X3, P2X4, P2X5, P2X7 and P2X1/5 receptor-channels. We also show the presence and functionality of CaSR, a G protein-coupled receptor, on BV-2 cells. When activated, CaSR promotes the M2 phenotype.These data allow us to take a new look at the mechanisms of activation and polarization of microglial cells and reveal for the first time the existence of an endogenous receptor coupled to G proteins, the CaSR, in the induction of the anti-inflammatory M2 state.</dcterms:abstract>
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