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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Utilisation de microorganismes pour la bioremédiation de déchets amiantés à matrices minérales et organiques</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Amiantes</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les méthodes actuelles de gestion des déchets amiantés sont insatisfaisantes. Ce projet a pour but d’optimiser un traitement biologique visant à éliminer la toxicité des déchets amiantés à matrices minérales et organiques par extraction du fer et du magnésium présent au sein des fibres. Une première approche a permis la construction du premier mutant PP_fur décrit chez Pseudomonas putida, dérégulé dans la production de pyoverdine, sidérophore capable de complexer le fer. Par une production continue de pyoverdine, ce mutant permet une altération plus efficace des déchets de flocage. La deuxième approche, basée sur la solubilité de ces déchets en milieu acide, a mis en évidence l’efficacité du petit-lait ensemencé par Lactobacillus rhamnosus pour dissoudre de grandes quantités de fer et de magnésium. Pour les dalles vinyles amiantés, nos résultats ouvrent la voie à l'utilisation de basidiomycètes utilisant le PVC amianté grâce à des mécanismes restant à identifier. Ces résultats permettent d’envisager le développement de procédés de bioremédiation respectueux de l'environnement.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Current methods for managing asbestos waste are unsatisfactory. This project aims to optimize a biological treatment that eliminates the toxicity of asbestos waste composed of mineral and organic matrices by extracting iron and magnesium present within the fibers. A first approach involved the construction of the first mutant PP_Δfur described in Pseudomonas putida, which is deregulated in pyoverdine production, a siderophore complexing iron with high affinity. Through continuous production of pyoverdine, this mutant allows a more efficient degradation of asbestos flocking waste. The second approach, based on the solubility of these asbestos waste in an acidic environment, demonstrated the effectiveness of whey inoculated with Lactobacillus rhamnosus in dissolving large quantities of iron and magnesium. For vinyl asbestos tiles, our results pave the way for the use of basidiomycetes that utilize asbestos-containing PVC through mechanisms yet to be identified. These data offer the potential for developing environmentally friendly bioremediation processes.</dcterms:abstract>
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