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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Une conception multidimensionnelle de l’apathie permet-elle de mieux en comprendre les mécanismes ? : approche cognitive et électrophysiologique</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Does a multidimensional conception of apathy allow us to better understand its mechanisms ? : cognitive and electrophysiological approach</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Apathie</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Phénotype</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Dépression</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Schizophrénie</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">EEG</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Méta-analyse ALE</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Motivation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Contrôle cognitif</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Prise de décision</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Apathy</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Phenotype</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Depression</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Schizophrenia</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">EEG</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">ALE meta-analysis</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Motivation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Cognitive control</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Decision-making</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’objectif de ce travail était de progresser dans la compréhension des mécanismes de l’apathie. A cette fin, nous nous sommes appuyés sur une conception multidimensionnelle distinguant trois formes - émotionnelle, exécutive, d’initiation – sous-tendues par le dysfonctionnement de réseaux cérébraux distincts. Deux approches complémentaires ont été utilisées : phénotypique et transnosographique. Nos résultats révèlent des déficits motivationnels au niveau du liking chez les sujets sains en cas d’apathie émotionnelle. Chez les patients schizophrènes ou dépressifs, c’est le wanting qui semble davantage affecté. L’apathie exécutive est associée, pour l’ensemble des sujets, à des troubles du contrôle cognitif proactif alors que l’apathie d’initiation est associée à des prises de décision coût-bénéfice aberrantes. En identifiant des mécanismes spécifiques à chaque forme et en suggérant l’existence de formes distinctes potentiellement plus sévères dans la schizophrénie et la dépression, nos résultats plaident pour une meilleure prise en compte du profil apathique de chaque individu lors de l’élaboration de son protocole de soins.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The purpose of this project was to improve our knowledge on the mechanisms of apathy. To this end, we relied on a multidimensional model, that distinguishes three forms – executive, emotional, initiative – underlying by the dysfunction of distinct brain networks. Two complementary approaches were used: phenotypic and transnosographic. Our results reveal motivational deficits of the liking process in healthy subjects in the case of emotional apathy. In patients suffering from schizophrenia or depression, it is the wanting process that seems to be more affected. Executive apathy is associated, for all subjects, with disorders of proactive cognitive control, while initiation apathy is associated with aberrant cost-benefit decision-making. By identifying mechanisms that are specific to each form and by suggesting the existence of potentially more severe forms that are distinct between schizophrenia and depression, our results plead for a better consideration of the apathetic profile of each individual when elaborating his treatment protocol.</dcterms:abstract>
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