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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Development of a CRISPR-Cas12a system targeting human mitochondrial DNA</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">Mise au point d'un système CRISPR-Cas12a ciblant l'ADN mitochondrial humain</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Mitochondries humaines</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Human mitochondria</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mitochondrial DNA</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mutations</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">MitoCRISPR</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Cas12a</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Targeting mitochondria</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les maladies neuromusculaires chez l’homme sont souvent causées par des mutations de l’ADNmt. La gravité de ces maladies dépend du niveau d’hétéroplasmie, où l’ADNmt mutant et sauvage coexistent dans la même cellule. Le développement d'approches expérimentales permettant la manipulation de l’ADNmt est crucial pour mettre au point des nouvelles thérapies. Ici, nous avons adapté le système CRISPR-AsCas12a de type V, qui reconnaît les séquences PAM riches en AT, pour une importation efficace dans les mitochondries humaines. La nucléase AsCas12a, portant le MTS de la sous-unité ATPase 9 de Neurospora crassa, exprimée dans une lignée cellulaire stable, a montré une localisation mitochondriale. Nous avons démontré que l’importation d’ARNcr ne nécessite pas de signaux de localisation mitochondriaux supplémentaires, mais dépend de sa structure secondaire. L’ARNcr peut être divisé en parties d’échafaudage et d’espacement, préservant ainsi la fonctionnalité du système, et l’espaceur peut être importé dans les mitochondries. Pour la première fois, en utilisant à la fois le séquençage Sanger et le séquençage de nouvelle génération, nous avons démontré qu'une délétion dans l'ADNmt humain peut être induite par un système CRISPR/Cas mitochondrial.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Neuromuscular diseases in humans often stem from mutations in mtDNA. The severity of these diseases depends on the level of heteroplasmy, where both mutant and wild-type mtDNA coexist in the same cell. Developing methods to model mtDNA dysfunction is crucial for experimental therapies. Here, we adapted Type V CRISPRAsCas12a, which recognizes AT-rich PAM sequences, for efficient import into human mitochondria. The AsCas12a nuclease, bearing MTS from Neurospora crassa ATPase subunit 9, expressed in a stable cell line, showed mitochondrial localization. We demonstrated that crRNA import doesn't require additional mitochondrial localization signals, but depends on its secondary structure. We successfully split crRNA into scaffold and spacer parts, preserving functionality, with the spacer capable of being imported into mitochondria. For the first time, using both Sanger and next-generation sequencing, we demonstrated that a deletion in human mtDNA can be induced by a CRISPR/Cas system targeted to mitochondria.</dcterms:abstract>
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