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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Le soi et la cognition sociale chez le singe</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Capucin</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Théorie de l’esprit</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Self-awareness</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Theory of mind</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La présente thèse s’intéresse au lien entre le soi et la cognition sociale chez les primates simiiformes, plus communément appelés singes. Elle examine la validité empirique d’une hypothèse, proposée par Gordon Gallup Jr. et inspirée des idées de Nicholas Humphrey, selon laquelle la théorie de l’esprit, ou capacité à attribuer des états mentaux à autrui, présuppose la conscience de soi. Pour tester les prédictions de cette hypothèse aux niveaux de l’espèce et de l’individu, des expériences ont été menées chez deux espèces de primates simiiformes : le capucin brun (Sapajus apella) et l’humain (Homo sapiens). Plus précisément, l’existence de capacités de reconnaissance de soi, de métacognition et de théorie de l’esprit a été testée chez le capucin et le lien entre les performances individuelles dans des tâches de métacognition et de théorie de l’esprit a été évalué chez l’humain.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This thesis focuses on the relationship between self and social cognition in simiiform primates, also known as simians. It examines the empirical validity of the hypothesis, proposed by Gordon Gallup Jr. and inspired by Nicholas Humphrey’s ideas, that theory of mind (i.e., the ability to attribute mental states to others) presupposes self-awareness. To test these predictions at the species and individual levels, experiments were conducted in two species of simiiform primates: brown capuchins (Sapajus apella) and humans (Homo sapiens). More specifically, the existence of self-recognition, metacognition and theory of mind abilities was tested in capuchins, and the relationship between individual performances on metacognition and theory of mind tasks was assessed in humans.</dcterms:abstract>
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