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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Consommation excessive de sucre : impact sur les réponses comportementales, la neuroinflammation et le système endocannabinoïde</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Binge eating</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Saccharose</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Bien-être</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Douleur chronique</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Récompense</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Neuroinflammation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Binge eating</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Sucrose</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Well-being</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Chronic pain</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Sexe</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Reward</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Le binge eating disorder (BED) est le trouble du comportement alimentaire le plus prévalent, caractérisé par une perte de contrôle lors de la prise alimentaire. Ce trouble psychiatrique est associé à des taux élevés de troubles émotionnels et de maladies douloureuses chroniques. L’omniprésence de sucres ajoutés dans les aliments palatables (riche en gras et en sucre) contribue à la prise de nourriture excessive, notamment par l’activation du circuit cérébral de la récompense. Les recherches montrent qu’une prise alimentaire déséquilibrée est à l’origine d’une réponse neuroinflammatoire, or le rôle du sucre dans ces mécanismes reste encore méconnu. Le système endocannabinoïde impliqué dans la régulation de la prise alimentaire et les mécanismes inflammatoires pourrait contribuer à la physiopathologie du BED. Nous avons étudié les conséquences comportementales et moléculaires d’une consommation excessive de saccharose chez des souris mâles et femelles. Nos travaux ne montrent pas d’effet du comportement de binge sur les aspects comportementaux (bien-être et nociception), malgré des signes de neuroinflammation, et l’expression des gènes du système endocannabinoïde ne semble pas altérée dans nos conditions. En revanche, la consommation excessive de saccharose en continu, lorsqu’elle est associée à des altérations métaboliques, conduit à une neuroinflammation, associée chez les femelles à une plus grande vulnérabilité émotionnelle.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Binge Eating Disorder (BED) is the most prevalent eating disorder, characterized by a loss of control during food consumption. This psychiatric disorder is often accompanied by elevated rates of emotional disturbances and chronic painful conditions. The widespread inclusion of added sugars in palatable foods (rich in both fat and sugar) contributes to excessive eating by activating the brain's reward pathway. Research indicates that an imbalanced diet triggers a neuroinflammatory response, although the precise role of sugar in these mechanisms remains somewhat elusive. The endocannabinoid system, which plays a role in regulating food intake and inflammatory processes, is believed to have a potential role in the pathophysiology of BED. During this thesis we studied the behavioral and molecular aspects of excessive sucrose consumption in male and female mice. Our findings do not demonstrate behavioral alterations due to bingeing behavior, despite signs of neuroinflammation. However, excessive sucrose consumption, when associated with metabolic alterations, leads to neuroinflammation, and increased emotional vulnerability in females.</dcterms:abstract>
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