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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Contribution des SPATEs SigA et SepA dans la survie de Shigella dans le plasma</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Contribution of SigA and SepA SPATEs on the survival of Shigella in human plasma</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Shigella</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Hémorragies</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les Shigella sont les pathogènes responsables de la shigellose, caractérisée par de la fièvre, une diarrhée hémorragique et dans les cas les plus graves, une bactériémie. Ainsi, les Shigella sont exposées au sang mais les mécanismes qui permettent à ces bactéries de s’adapter et de survivre à l’exposition au plasma restent méconnus. Durant ma thèse, dans un modèle de shigellose chez le cobaye, j'ai confirmé l’induction d’hémorragies locales par Shigella et que les bactéries atteignaient les vaisseaux sanguins dans la muqueuse colique et se disséminaient ensuite dans la circulation sanguine, confirmant l'exposition de Shigella au plasma. Toutes les souches de Shigella testées survivaient à l'exposition au plasma in vitro. En utilisant des mutants, j’ai démontré que les Protéases à Sérine AutoTransportées des Entérobactéries sont essentielles à la dissémination de Shigella dans la muqueuse colique et dans la circulation sanguine et que ces protéases favorisaient la survie de Shigella dans le plasma en clivant le composant C3 du complément. J'ai ainsi montré que la capacité de Shigella à survivre à l'exposition au plasma est un facteur clé de sa virulence.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Shigella are the pathogens responsible for shigellosis, characterized by fever, hemorrhagic diarrhea and, in the most severe cases, bacteremia. Shigella are exposed to blood, but the mechanisms by which these bacteria adapt to and survive plasma exposure remain poorly understood. During my thesis, in a guinea pig model of shigellosis, I confirmed that Shigella induced local hemorrhage and that the bacteria reached blood vessels in the colonic mucosa and then disseminated into the bloodstream, confirming Shigella exposure to plasma. All Shigella strains tested survived exposure to plasma in vitro. Using mutants, I demonstrated that Serine Proteases AutoTransporters of Enterobacteriaceae are essential for Shigella dissemination in the colonic mucosa and bloodstream, and that these proteases promote Shigella survival in plasma by cleaving the C3 component of complement. I have thus shown that Shigella's ability to survive exposure to plasma is a key factor in its virulence.</dcterms:abstract>
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