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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Sex differences in functional genomic mechanisms of opioid action</dc:title>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Le trouble de l'usage d'opioïdes (TUO) est une maladie chronique, associée à un risque de rechute même longtemps après l'arrêt de la consommation, suggérant l’existence de changements durables dans le cerveau. Ce projet visait à explorer l’implication des mécanismes épigénétiques. Nous avons caractérisé, à l’échelle du génome, les modifications moléculaires survenant en réponse à un traitement morphinique chronique, chez les souris mâles et femelles. Nous avons observé que ce traitement induit (i) de nombreuses adapations méthylomiques, très différentes entre les sexes, convergeant vers des fonctions biologiques communes; (ii) des adaptations transcriptionnelles importantes, récapitulant en partie celles trouvées dans le TUO chez l’humain, documentant ainsi la pertinence translationnelle de ce travail. Dans une dernière étape, nous avons mis en évidence les réseaux de gènes les plus impactés par la morphine chez les deux sexes. Ce travail a des implications significatives pour le développement potentiel de traitements spécifiques au sexe pour le TUO.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a chronic disease, associated with a persisting risk of relapse even long after consumption has stopped, suggesting that opioids induce enduring changes in the brain. This project sought to explore the hypothesis that epigenetic mechanisms may be critically implicated. To do so, we comprehensively characterized changes in DNA methylation and gene expression occurring in response to chronic morphine treatment throughout the entire genome in both males and females mice. We uncovered strong sex-differences in morphine-induced methylomic adaptations, which gradually converged towards common genes and biological pathways. In parallel we characterized morphine-induced transcriptional adaptations which partly recapitulates those found in human OUD, thereby documenting the translational relevance of this work. In a final step, we used a gene co-expression approach, to highlight regulatory networks most impacted by morphine in both sexes. This research carries significant implications for the potential development of gender-specific treatments for OUD.</dcterms:abstract>
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