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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Same mitochondria, different longevities : what do ants tell us about metabolic ageing ?</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">Des mitochondries identiques, des longévités contrastées : que nous apprennent les fourmis sur le vieillissement métabolique ?</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Vieillissement</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Production de ROS</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mitochondria</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Alors que les castes d'insectes sociaux présentent d'énormes différences de longévité - quelques mois pour les ouvrières contre des décennies pour les reines - ma thèse vise à comprendre comment la bioénergétique mitochondriale soutient la longévité remarquable des reines, en particulier chez la fourmi noire des jardins, Lasius niger. Mes résultats montrent qu’il ne s'agit pas seulement de la gestion du stress oxydant (théorie radicalaire), mais plutôt d’un cumul de facteurs. Ces résultats, basées sur plusieurs approches, mettent en lumière la capacité des reines à optimiser la production d'énergie (mesure de l’AEC), leur taux métabolique (calorimétrie indirecte), et l’investissement dans la maintenance mitochondriale (microscopie électronique et protéomique), apportant un éclairage nouveau sur le paradoxe longévité/reproduction des reines. L’exploration de ces mécanismes ouvre la voie à une compréhension plus approfondie des fondements évolutifs de la longévité de ces insectes.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">While social insect castes exhibit huge differences in longevity, i.e. months for workers vs. decades for queens, my thesis uncovers how mitochondrial bioenergetics underpins the queen's remarkable longevity in black garden ant, Lasius niger. Contrary to conventional theories, my results reveal that it's not merely about oxidative stress management (by measuring oxidative stress markers such as the aconitase/fumarase ratio and antioxidant enzyme activities like catalase and glutathione), but rather a sophisticated interplay of factors. My findings, based on several approaches, highlight the queen's ability to optimize energy production (AEC), metabolic rate (indirect calorimetry), and invest in mitochondrial maintenance (electron microscopy and proteomics), providing crucial insights into the enigmatic paradox of the queen's longevity and reproduction. By exploring these mechanisms, we pave the way for deeper exploration into the evolutionary underpinnings of insect longevity.</dcterms:abstract>
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