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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Développement d'un modèle d'organoides tumoraux dérivés de tumeurs de patients pour une médecine de précision</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Development of a patient-derived tumor organoid based on precision medicine</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Modèles 3D</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Organoides vascularisés</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Test de thérapeutiques</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Omiques</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">3D models</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Tumors</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Vascularized organoids</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Therapeutic testing</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Omics</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’essor des modèles 3D, tels les organoides dérivés de tumeurs de patient, permet une étude complémentaire de l’efficacité des agents thérapeutiques, sur un modèle humanisé. Ces organoides dérivés de tumeurs de patients offrent un outil d’aide, à la validation préclinique de nouveaux agents thérapeutiques et à la prise de décision thérapeutique en clinique. Durant ma thèse, nous avons développé un modèle qui récapitule la tumeur in vivo. Notre méthode d’ingénierie tissulaire a permis d’établir un modèle d’organoide dérivé du patient, tumoral et sain, vascularisé. La correspondance biologique et moléculaire des organoides dérivés de tumeurs de patient a été évaluée par immunohistochimie et transcriptomique. Nous avons pu démontrer la conservation des marqueurs histologiques et moléculaires de la tumeur primaire. Nous avons aussi validé la pertinence de ce modèle 3D vascularisé, pour tester des agents thérapeutiques usuels, en associant l’évaluation de l’efficacité avec les technologies omiques. En effet, l’utilisation des technologies omiques nous a permis d’apporter plus d’informations sur la réponse biologique des organoides vascularisés, à la chimiothérapie et à l’oncovirothérapie. Enfin, nous avons démontré l’intérêt des systèmes fluidiques pour évaluer les réponses des organoides, tumoraux ou sains vascularisés, aux agents thérapeutiques. Ces systèmes permettent d’apporter plus de paramètres biologiques, impliqués dans les réponses aux agents thérapeutiques. En effet, nous avons pu reproduire in vitro, la matrice extracellulaire, qui représente une barrière physique aux traitements, et également mimer l’administration clinique des thérapeutiques. Afin de conclure, nous sommes conscients des améliorations à apporter, pour permettre une utilisation optimale de ces modèles 3D en systèmes fluidiques. Cette thèse a donné lieu à une revue de la littérature (1er auteur, Article 1), un article soumis (1er auteur, Article 2), un article publié (2ème auteur, Article 3) et un article en préparation (Article 4).</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The rise of 3D models, such as patient tumor-derived organoids, allows for a complementary study of the efficacy of therapeutic agents in a humanized model. These patient tumor-derived organoids offer a tool to assist in the preclinical validation of new therapeutic agents and in the clinical decision making process. During my thesis, we developed a model that recapitulates the tumor in vivo. Our tissue engineering method established a patient-derived vascularized tumor and healthy organoid model. Biological and molecular matching of patient tumor-derived organoids were assessed by immunohistochemistry and transcriptomics. We were able to demonstrate the conservation of histological and molecular markers of the primary tumor. We also validated the relevance of this vascularized 3D model to test usual therapeutic agents, by associating efficacy evaluation with omics technologies. Indeed, the use of omics technologies allowed us to provide more information on the biological response of vascularized organoids to chemotherapy and oncovirotherapy. Finally, we have demonstrated the interest of fluidic systems to evaluate the responses of vascularized organoids, tumor or healthy, to therapeutic agents. These systems allow to bring more biological parameters, involved in the responses to therapeutic agents. Indeed, we were able to reproduce in vitro the extracellular matrix, considered as a physical barrier to treatments, and also to mimic the clinical administration of therapeutics. In conclusion, we are aware of the further improvements, to allow an optimal use of these 3D models in fluidic systems.This thesis resulted in a literature review (1st author, Article 1), a submitted article (1st author, Article 2), a published article (2nd author, Article 3) and an article in preparation (Article 4).</dcterms:abstract>
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