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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">La responsabilité objective en droit international</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Dommage</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Regime of liability</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Strict liability</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Risk theory</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La responsabilité objective, largement reconnue dans les droits internes, demeure une notion controversée en droit international. Son principal objectif est de protéger les victimes d’activités dangereuses, et ce d’autant plus que, en raison de la complexité et de la localisation de ces activités, il est souvent difficile d’apporter la preuve de l’illicéité. En dépit de ses avantages pour les victimes, l’adoption d’une règle générale de responsabilité pour risque ou dommage suscite des inquiétudes parmi les États. Cette étude examine l’état du droit positif en ce qui concerne la place et le régime de cette notion en droit international. Elle souligne les limites de la théorie classique de la responsabilité, qui repose exclusivement sur le fait illicite. Elle cherche également à identifier les domaines dans lesquels la responsabilité objective pourrait s’appliquer, tout en analysant les règles pertinentes d’un point de vue de lege lata, mais aussi de lege ferenda. Adoptant une approche critique, l’étude met également en lumière les enjeux extra-juridiques qui ont influencé le droit positif et propose des solutions concrètes pour améliorer le cadre juridique applicable.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Strict liability, widely recognized in domestic laws, is a controversial concept in international law. Its primary goal is to protect victims in the context of dangerous activities, especially since, due to the complexity and location of these activities, it is often difficult to provide proof of their wrongfulness. Despite its benefits for victims, the adoption of a general rule of liability for risk or damage raises concerns among states. This study examines the current state of international law regarding the place and regime of this concept. It highlights the limits of the classical theory of responsibility, which is based solely on wrongful acts. The study also seeks to identify the areas where strict liability may apply and analyzes the relevant rules from a lege lata and lege ferenda perspective. Through a critical approach, it sheds light on the extralegal factors that have shaped positive law and proposes concrete solutions to improve the applicable legal framework.</dcterms:abstract>
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