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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Magnetic resonance cavitation imaging for the monitoring of ultrasound therapies</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cavitation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Délivrance de médicaments</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Monitoring de thérapies</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Cavitation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Drug delivery</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Focused Ultrasound</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Cette thèse porte sur le monitoring des thérapies ultrasonores par Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique (IRM), et plus particulièrement, la délivrance localisée de médicaments enclenchée par les phénomènes de cavitation liés à la présence de microbulles (MBs) dans le tissu pendant la sonication. À des intensités ultrasonores relativement basses, les oscillations des MBs permettent de perméabiliser le tissu à l’agent thérapeutique. En revanche, au-dessus d’une certaine intensité seuil, les MBs entrent dans un régime de cavitation instable pouvant ainsi causer des dommages irréversibles. Il est alors nécessaire de contrôler le régime de cavitation afin de garantir la sécurité et l’efficacité de la délivrance de médicaments. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous proposons une nouvelle méthode permettant de cartographier et caractériser les phénomènes de cavitation à partir des images IRM en temps réel. La sensibilité de cette méthode a été validée par la méthode conventionnelle de monitoring de cavitation par analyse des signaux ultrasonores rétrodiffusés. Enfin, des premiers résultats prometteurs ont été obtenus avec cette méthode sur un modèle porcin in vivo.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This thesis deals with the monitoring of ultrasound therapies using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), more specifically, localized drug delivery triggered by cavitation phenomena related to the presence of microbubbles (MBs) in the tissue during sonication. At relatively low ultrasound intensity, MB oscillations allow permeabilizing the tissue to therapeutic agents. However, above a certain intensity threshold, MBs can enter an unstable cavitation regime in which they might cause irreversible damage. Therefore, it is necessary to control the cavitation regime to ensure the safety and the efficacy of drug delivery. Within the framework of this thesis, we propose a new method able to map and characterize cavitation phenomena from MR images in real time. The sensitivity of this method has been validated by the conventional cavitation monitoring method based on the analysis of backscattered ultrasound signals. Finally, this method has shown promising results on swine model in vivo.</dcterms:abstract>
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