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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Développement de magnétomètres intégrés à base de jonctions tunnel magnétiques à couple de transfert de spin</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">STT-MRAM</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Capteur magnétique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Electronique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Spintronique</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Cette thèse présente l'utilisation de STT-MTJs perpendiculaires, développées initialement pour les MRAMs, en tant que capteurs magnétiques intégrés. Les MRAMs basées sur des MTJs utilisent généralement l'effet STT pour modifier l'orientation de l'aimantation d'une couche ferromagnétique douce en appliquant une forte tension aux bornes de la MTJ. Cela conduit à un changement de résistance permettant de placer la MTJ dans deux états distincts, parallèle et antiparallèle. Cependant, la tension nécessaire pour provoquer le retournement de l'aimantation de la couche douce dépend du champ magnétique externe. En utilisant cette propriété, nous explorons une nouvelle application des STT-MTJs qui consiste à les utiliser comme capteurs magnétique présentant des avantages significatifs par rapport aux capteurs à effet Hall et magnétorésistifs. Leurs dimensions nanométriques ainsi que leurs bandes passantes élevées permettent le développement de nouvelles applications.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This thesis presents the use of perpendicular STT-MTJs, originally developed for MRAMs, as integrated magnetic sensors. MRAMs based on MTJs are often using the STT effect to change the orientation of the magnetization of a soft ferromagnetic layer by applying a strong voltage across the junction. This leads to a change of resistance allowing the MTJ to be set in two different resistive states called parallel and antiparallel. However, the energy required to flip the magnetization of the free layer from one state to the other is not only related to the voltage applied to the junction but also to the external magnetic field. Using this property, this work investigates a new application of STT-MTJs, which consists of using it as a magnetic sensor. These sensing elements have significant advantages compared to currently available Hall effect and magnetoresistive sensors. Hence, their nanometric dimensions as well as high bandwidth allow the development of new applications.</dcterms:abstract>
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