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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Mapping surface magnetism with a molecule</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Spectroscopie tunnel</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Spintronique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Nanomagnétisme</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Tunneling spectroscopy</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="031600093" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Nickel -- Composés organiques</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="191245895" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Magnétisme moléculaire</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Pendant mon doctorat, j'ai exploité une molécule de nickelocène (Nc) fixée à la pointe d'un microscope à effet tunnel pour examiner le magnétisme de surface. Dans cette démarche, il est crucial de placer le nickelocène à une distance suffisamment proche de la surface (&lt;100 pm) pour que le champ d'échange de celle-ci provoque des altérations dans les niveaux Zeeman du nickelocène. Ces altérations sont ensuite détectées électriquement grâce aux excitations entre niveaux Zeeman induites par les électrons tunnel inélastiques, soit ceux qui échangent de l'énergie avec le nickelocène. En spectroscopie tunnel, ces modifications se traduisent par des pics dans la conductance d2I/dV2. La localisation en énergie de ces pics permet de déterminer le champ d’échange, tandis que leur amplitude fournit un accès à la polarisation en spin au niveau de Fermi. Au cours de ma thèse, j'ai démontré que l'acquisition de spectres d2I/dV2 à chaque coordonnée (x, y) de la surface permet de cartographier les variations spatiales du champ d’échange et de la polarisation de spin avec une résolution atomique. Il est apparu que les images du champ d’échange révèlent l'orientation de l'aimantation de la surface (ou d'une molécule en surface), et que ces images présentent une corrugation magnétique qui est bien reproduite par des calculs DFT de la densité de spin. Cette technique d'imagerie a également permis d'analyser l'impact de l'hydrogène sur le magnétisme des nanoaimants, ainsi que la manière dont les molécules peuvent altérer localement le magnétisme de ces nanostructures.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">During my doctorate, I used a nickelocene molecule (Nc) attached to the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope to study surface magnetism. To do this, it is necessary to position the nickelocene close enough to the surface (&lt;100 pm) so that the exchange field of the latter induces changes in theZeeman levels of the nickelocene. These changes are detected electrically through excitations between Zeeman levels induced by inelastic tunneling electrons, i.e., electrons that exchange energy with the nickelocene. They manifest in tunneling spectroscopy as peaks in the conductance d2I/dV2.The energy position of these peaks allows determination of the exchange field, while their amplitude provides access to spin polarization at the Fermi level. During the thesis, we showed that acquiring d2I/dV2 spectra at each coordinate (x, y) of the surface allows visualization of spatial variations in the exchange field and spin polarization with atomic spatial resolution. We demonstrated that exchange field images provide access to the orientation of surface magnetization (or of a molecule on the surface), and notably, these images exhibit a magnetic corrugation that is well reproduced by DFT calculations of spin density. This imagery has also allowed visualization of the impact of hydrogen on the magnetism of nano-magnets, or how molecules can locally alter the magnetism of nanomagnets.</dcterms:abstract>
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