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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">La métalloenzyme IspH, une source pour la découverte de nouveaux agents antimicrobiens</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">IspH</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Voie du méthylérythritol phosphate (la voie du MEP)</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Inhibition enzymatique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Résistance aux antimicrobiens</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L'un des moyens de lutter contre la résistance aux antimicrobiens est de se concentrer sur des séries d'enzymes cibles sous-exploitées. Dans la plupart des bactéries et certains parasites, les précurseurs isoprénoïdes sont synthétisés par la voie du 2C-méthyl-d-érythritol 4-phosphate (MEP), absente chez l'homme, et qui représente donc une cible intéressante pour le développement de nouveaux anti-infectieux. IspH est une oxydoréductase contenant un cluster [4Fe-4S]2+ sensible à l'oxygène qui catalyse la dernière étape de la voie du MEP en convertissant l’HMBPP en IPP et DMAPP. Une stratégie pluridisciplinaire a été appliquée pour découvrir de nouvelles classes d'inhibiteurs contre l'IspH de Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis et Plasmodium falciparum. Une méthode a été mise au point pour produire les différents orthologues de l'IspH sous forme d'holoenzymes, suivie par le développement d'un test enzymatique qui a été utilisé pour un criblage in vitro de différentes chimiothèques. Cette dernière a conduit à la découverte d'un puissant nouvel inhibiteur ciblant les trois orthologues. En outre, une approche de prodrogue a été exploitée pour un inhibiteur d'IspH d'E. coli déjà connu ((E)-4-amino-3-méthylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate) dans le but d'obtenir une activité antibactérienne, antituberculeuse et antipaludéenne.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">One way to tackle the arising antimicrobial resistance is to focus on underexploited series of target enzymes. In most bacteria and some parasites, the isoprenoid precursors are synthesized via the 2C-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, which is absent in humans, and it thus represents an interesting target for the development of novel anti-infectives. IspH is an oxidoreductase containing an oxygen-sensitive [4Fe-4S]2+ cluster that catalyzes the last step of the MEP pathway converting HMBPP into IPP and DMAPP. A multidisciplinary strategy has been applied for the discovery of new classes of inhibitors against IspH from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Plasmodium falciparum. A method was developed to produce the IspH orthologs as holoenzymes, followed by the development of the enzymatic assay which was used for an in vitro screening campaign of different chemical libraries. The latter led to the discovery of a novel potent inhibitor targeting the three orthologs object of this study. Moreover, a prodrug approach has been exploited for an already known E. coli IspH inhibitor ((E)-4-amino-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate) with the goal of reaching antibacterial, antitubercular, and antimalarial activity.</dcterms:abstract>
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