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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Conception et synthèse de sondes fluorescentes pour la microscopie de super-résolution de la membrane plasmique sur cellules vivantes</dc:title>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Diverses techniques existent pour obtenir des sondes fluorescentes qui émettent ponctuellement afin d’obtenir des fluorophores spatialement distincts et permettre leur localisation pour la SMLM comme le PAINT, PALM ou STORM. Cependant, l’utilisation de ce type de techniques super-résolues n’est pas toujours compatible avec les milieux vivants. Ces travaux de thèses ont porté sur trois conceptions de sondes fluorescentes adaptées à la microscopie de localisation à molécule unique (SMLM) sur cellules vivantes. Ces conceptions se basent sur trois mécanismes différents, qui ont tous permis de localiser des fluorophores uniques sur la membrane plasmique des cellules vivantes, que ce soit en utilisant la technique de super-résolution de photoactivation localisée (PALM) ou de reconstruction optique stochastique directe (dSTORM). La capacité de chaque système à permettre l’identification de molécules uniques a été analysé et décrit. Cette étude interdisciplinaire a finalement permis d’introduire de nouveaux mécanismes utilisables en SMLM sur cellules vivantes et d’aller un peu plus loin dans la compréhension des systèmes développés.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Various techniques exist to obtain fluorescent probes that emit punctually in order to obtain spatially distinct fluorophores and enable their localization for SMLM, such as PAINT, PALM or STORM. However, the use of such super-resolved techniques is not always compatible with living environments. This thesis work focused on three fluorescent probe designs suitable for single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) on living cells. These designs are based on three different mechanisms, that have enabled the localization of single fluorophores on the plasma membrane of living cells, whether using the super-resolution technique of localized photoactivation (PALM) or direct stochastic optical reconstruction (dSTORM). The ability of each system to identify single molecules was analyzed and described. In the end, this interdisciplinary study led to the introduction of new mechanisms that can be used in SMLM on living cells, and to a deeper understanding of the systems developed.</dcterms:abstract>
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