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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Des biens habous aux monuments historiques : une histoire des édifices de Tlemcen durant la période coloniale (1836-1887)</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">From Habous to monuments : a history of buildginds in Tlemcen during the colonial period (1836-1887)</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Tlemcen</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Colonisation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Habous</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Monument</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Restauration</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Tlemcen</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Colonilization</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Habous</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Monument</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Preservation</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’année même où l’État français construit le système des monuments historiques, le corps expéditionnaire de Charles X traverse la mer de la Méditerranée pour en envahir l’autre rive. Dans un contexte marqué à la fois par la colonisation française en Algérie et par l’instauration d’une politique patrimoniale en France, cette thèse analyse la manière dont les autorités coloniales ont géré la question du patrimoine islamique en Algérie. Elle cherche à comprendre comment elles ont abordé cette autre culture de préservation du patrimoine bâti dans un contexte de guerre et de colonisation. En effet, deux approches diamétralement opposées se confrontent : l’une vise la préservation des artefacts historiques et culturels, tandis que l’autre tend vers l’éradication de toute contestation et la promotion de la suprématie culturelle des nouveaux dominants. La culture de « l’autre », « indigène », « arabe », « musulman » se retrouve fortement ébranlée par les évènements qui secouent le pays, plaçant ainsi sa mémoire au cœur de toute la politique coloniale. L’histoire de la transformation des biens habous de Tlemcen en monuments historiques s’attache à déceler, d’une part, les divers facteurs qui ont mené à la transformation des biens islamiques en monuments « nationaux », d’autre part, les moyens matériels et humains mis en œuvre dans le contexte de colonisation.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">In the same year that the French state established the system of monuments, Charles X's expeditionary corps crossed the Mediterranean Sea to invade the other shore. In a context marked both by French colonization in Algeria and the establishment of a heritage policy in France, this thesis analyzes how the colonial authorities managed the issue of Islamic heritage in Algeria. It seeks to understand how they approached this other culture of built heritage preservation in a context of war and colonization. Indeed, two diametrically opposed approaches clashed: one aimed at preserving historical and cultural artifacts, while the other tended towards eradicating any opposition and promoting the cultural supremacy of the new rulers. The culture of the "other," "indigenous," "Arab," "Muslim" was significantly shaken by the events affecting the country, placing its memory at the heart of all colonial policy. The history of the transformation of the habous properties in Tlemcen into historical monuments seeks to uncover, on one hand, the various factors that led to the transformation of Islamic properties into "national" monuments, and on the other hand, the material and human resources implemented in the context of colonization.</dcterms:abstract>
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