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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Ne pas avoir d’emploi, un frein au retour à l’emploi ? : rôle des croyances méritocratiques dans l’attribution causale du chômage et la stéréotypisation des chômeurs</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Not having a job, a barrier to returning to employment ? : role of meritocratic beliefs in causal attributions of unemployment and stereotyping of the unemployed</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Jugement social</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Attributions causales</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Méritocratie</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Chômage</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Stéréotypes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Social judgment</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Causal attributions</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Meritocracy</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Unemployment</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Stereotypes</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027812790" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Chômeurs</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les chômeurs sont discriminés sur le marché de l’emploi. Situant l’origine de cette discrimination dans la façon dont ils sont perçus, nous avons étudié cette perception sous l’angle des stéréotypes (i.e. Stereotype Content Model), mais également sous l’angle de l’explication du chômage (i.e. attributions causales). Nous avons par ailleurs étudié dans quelle mesure ces perceptions prennent racine dans l’adhésion à la méritocratie. Nous nous attendions à un stéréotype globalement négatif à l’égard des chômeurs et à une attribution du chômage à des facteurs sous leur contrôle (e.g. manque d’effort). Nous faisions l’hypothèse que la méritocratie favoriserait la manifestation de ce stéréotype négatif et le recours à des attributions incriminant les chômeurs. Nos résultats indiquent que la méritocratie peut intervenir à plusieurs niveaux du processus de stéréotypisation selon la situation professionnelle du juge et qu’elle favorise toujours l’attribution du chômage à des facteurs internes aux chômeurs. Dans tous les cas, son intervention dans le processus de stéréotypisation est délétère à la perception d’employabilité des chômeurs.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The unemployed are discriminated against on the labor market. Locating the origin of this discrimination in the way they are perceived, we studied this perception from the angle of stereotypes (i.e. Stereotype Content Model), but also from the angle of the explanation of unemployment (i.e. causal attributions). We also studied the extent to which these perceptions are rooted in endorsement of meritocratic beliefs. We expected an overall negative stereotype of the unemployed and an attribution of unemployment to factors within their control (e.g. lack of effort). We hypothesized that meritocracy would favor the manifestation of this negative stereotype and the use of attributions incriminating the unemployed. Our results show that meritocracy can intervene at several levels of the stereotyping process, depending on the judge's professional situation, and that it always lead to an increased attribution of unemployment to internal factors. In all cases, its intervention in the stereotyping process is deleterious to the perception of employability of an unemployed target.</dcterms:abstract>
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